‎Mathématiques‎

‎"CAYLEY, (ARTHUR)‎

‎A Memoir on the Theory of Reciprocal Surfaces. Received November 12, 1868, - Read January 14, 1869.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1870). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1869 - Vol. 159 - Part I. Pp. 201-229. Clean and fine.‎

‎"CAYLEY, (ARTHUR)‎

‎On the Analytical Theory of the Conic. Received May 8, - Read May 15, 1862.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1862). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1862 - Vol. 152 - Part I. Pp. 639-662. Clean and fine.‎

‎"CAYLEY, (ARTHUR)‎

‎On the Double Tangents of a Plane Curve. Received March 17, - Read April 14, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1859). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part I. Pp. 193-212. Clean and fine.‎

‎"CAYLEY, (ARTHUR).‎

‎On the Sextactic Points of a Plane Curve. Received November 5, - Read december 22, 1864.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1865). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1865 - Vol. 155 - Part II. Pp. 545-578.‎

‎"CAYLEY, A.‎

‎Note sur la transformation de Tschirnhausen (+) Deuxième sur la transformation de Tschirnhausen.‎

‎Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1861. 4to. As extracted from ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 1861, band 58. Without backstrip. Fine and clean. Pp. 259-69.‎

‎"CAYLEY, ARTHUR.‎

‎A Theorem on Groups. - [CAYLEY'S GROUP THEOREM]‎

‎Leipzig, B. G. Teubner, 1879. 8vo. Bound in recent full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Mathematische Annalen"", Volume 13., 1878. Entire volume offered. Library label pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper. Small library stamp to lower part of title title page and verso of title page. Very fine and clean. Pp. 561-65. [Entire volume: IV, 576 pp.].‎

‎"CAYLEY, ARTHUR.‎

‎Note on a Family of Curves of the Fourth Order.‎

‎Cambridge, Macmillan and Co., 1850. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with black and red title labels to spine with gilt lettering. In ""The Cambridge and Dublin Mathematical Journal"", Vol. V [5], (Being Vol. IX [9], of the Cambridge Mathematical Jorunal), 1850. Bookplate pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper and library code written in hand to lower part of spine. Library cards in the back. A fine and clean copy. Pp. 148-59. [Entire volume: IV, 288 pp.].‎

‎"CAYLEY, ARTHUR.‎

‎Sur quelques propriétés des déterminants gauches.‎

‎Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1846. 4to. In ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 32. Band, 2 Heft, 1846"". In the original printed wrappers, without backstrip. Front wrapper with a brown mark to top left corner, otherwise fine and clean. [Cayley:] Pp. 119-23. [Entire issue: Pp. 93-180, (2)].‎

‎"CAYLEY, ARTHUR. - THE CAYLEY-HAMILTON THEOREM ANNOUNCED - THE MATHEMATICS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS.‎

‎A Memoir on the Theory of Matrices. Received December 10, 1857, - Read January 14, 1858. (+) A Supplementary Memoir on the Theory of Matrices. Received October 24, - Read December 7, 1865.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1858 and Taylor and Francis, 1866. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Vol. 148 - Part I. Pp. 17-37, and Vol. 156 - Part I, Pp. 25-35. Clean and fine.‎

‎"CAYLEY, ARTHUR. - THE THEORY OF FORMS (QUANTICS) - A NEW ASPECT OF NON-EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY.‎

‎A Sixth Memoir upon Quantics. Received November 18, 1858, - Read anuary 6, 1859.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1859). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Vol. 149 - Part I. Pp. 61-90. Clean and fine.‎

‎"CHURCH, ALONZO.‎

‎A formulation of the simple theory of types. - [CHURCH'S TYPE THEORY]‎

‎(No place), The Association for Symbolic Logic, 1940 & 1941. Lev8vo. Bound in red half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Journal of Symbolic Logic"", Volume 5 & 6. Barcode label pasted on to back board. Small library stamp to lower part of 6 pages. A very fine copy. Pp. 56-68. [Entire copy: IV, 188, IV, 184 pp.).‎

‎First printing of Church's seminal paper in which he introduced his Type Theory: A simpler and more general Type Theory than the one introduced by Bertrand Russell in 1908 and Whitehead & Russell in 1927.""Church's type theory is a formal logical language which includes first-order logic, but is more expressive in a practical sense. It is used, with some modifications and enhancements, in most modern applications of type theory. It is particularly well suited to the formalization of mathematics and other disciplines and to specifying and verifying hardware and software. A great wealth of technical knowledge can be expressed very naturally in it. With possible enhancements, Church's type theory constitutes an excellent formal language for representing the knowledge in automated information systems, sophisticated automated reasoning systems, systems for verifying the correctness of mathematical proofs, and certain projects involving logic and artificial intelligence."" (SEP)‎

书商的参考编号 : 48379

‎"CHASLES, MICHEL.‎

‎Histoire de l'arithmétique - Règles de l'Abacus.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1843. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XVI, Pp. 218-46. (Entire issue offered: Pp. 215-80 ).‎

‎First appearance of Chasles' famous paper in which he via the tenth century wrintings on the abacus by the monk Gerbert (later Pope Sylvester II) argued for a Pythagorean rather than a Hindu origin for our numeral system.""Gerbert's abacus was not a standard table abacus, but had columns in which special counters were placed. It is thought that Gerbert, disguised as an Arab, made his way into Spain and learned of the Hindu-Arabic numerals there. The Gerbert abacus was not convenient to use and was soon abandoned."" (Erwin Tomash Library C70).""Chasles wrote two historical works elaborating points in the Aperçu historique (notes 12 and 3 respectively) which had given rise to controversy. The histoire d'arithmétique (1843) argued for a Pythagorean rather than a Hindu origin for our numeral system. Chasles based his claim on the description of a certain type of abacus, which he found in the writings of Boethius and Gerbert. The second work was a reconstruction of the lost book of Prisms of Euclid (1860). Chasles felt that the porisms were essentially the equations of curves and that many of the results utilized the concept of the cross ratio. Neither of these works is accepted by contemporary scholars."" (DSB).(Erwin Tomash Library C70)‎

书商的参考编号 : 50603

‎"CHAUM, DAVID L.‎

‎Untraceable Electronic Mail, Return Addresses, and Digital Pseudonyms. - [THE BIRTH OF THE CYPHERPUNK MOVEMENT]‎

‎(New York), 1981. Large8vo. Bound with the original front wrapper in recent brown cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Communications of the ACM"", January 1981, Vol. 24. Entire volume offered. Margins closely shaved, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 84-88. [Entire volume: 858 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Chaum’s seminal contributions to digital privacy and invention of digital cash which led to the creation of the Cypherpunk movement, which advocated for widespread use of cryptography as a route to progressive social change. Among the notable cypherpunks are Julian Assange, founder of WikiLeaks, Wei Dai, the creator of the b-money system, cited by Satoshi Nakamoto in the bitcoin white paper, and smart contracts inventor Nick Szabo. In 1981, in the present paper, Chaum proposed the idea of an anonymous communication network. His proposal, called mix networks, allows a group of senders to submit an encryption of a message and its recipient to a server. Once the server has a batch of messages, it will reorder and obfuscate the messages so that only this server knows which message came from which sender. The batch is then forwarded to another server who does the same process. Eventually, the messages reach the final server where they are fully decrypted and delivered to the recipient. A mechanism to allow return messages is also proposed. Mix networks are the basis of some remailers and are the conceptual ancestor to modern anonymous web browsing tools like Tor (based on onion routing). Chaum has advocated that every router be made, effectively, a Tor node.‎

书商的参考编号 : 59901

‎"CHASLES, MICHEL.‎

‎Histoire de l'arithmétique - Règles de l'Abacus.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1843. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XVI, Pp. 218-46. (Entire issue offered: Pp. 215-80 ).‎

‎"CHRISTOFFEL, E. B.‎

‎Über die Gaußsche Quadratur und eine Verallgemainerung derselben.‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1858. 4to. As extracted from ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 55. Band, 1858""., without backstrip. Fine and clean. [Christoffel:] Pp. 61-82.‎

‎"CHURCH, ALONZO (+) ALAN TURING.‎

‎[Church:] Review of ""A. M. Turing. On Computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem"" (+) [Turing:] Computability and lambda-definability (+) The Ø-Function in lambda-K-Conversion. [In Volume 2, number 1-4, 1937 of ""Journal of Sym... - [COINING THE PHRASE ""TURING MACHINE""]‎

‎Wisconsin, The Association for Symbolic Logic, 1937. Lev8vo. Entire volume 2 offered. Bound in half cloth with marbled boards. Gilt title to spine. Library stamp pasted on to lower part of spine and top left corner of front board. Two stamps (in Chinese) to verso of title-page and final page of index. A fine and clean copy. [Church:] Pp. 42-3" 101-2. [Turing:] Pp. 153-163 " 164. [Entire volume: iv, 188 pp.].‎

‎"CHURCH, ALONZO.‎

‎A formulation of the simple theory of types. - [CHURCH'S TYPE THEORY]‎

‎(No place), The Association for Symbolic Logic, 1940 & 1941. Lev8vo. Bound in red half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Journal of Symbolic Logic"", Volume 5 & 6. Barcode label pasted on to back board. Small library stamp to lower part of 6 pages. A very fine copy. Pp. 56-68. [Entire copy: IV, 188, IV, 184 pp.).‎

‎"CHURCH, ALONZO., ALAN TURING & EMIL POST.‎

‎[Collection of important papers in mathematical logic]: 1. Alonzo Church: A note on the Entscheidungsproblem. + 2. Alonzo Church: Review of ""On computable numbers, ..."". + 3. Alan Turing: Computability and lambda-definability. 4. Emil Post: Finite com... - [LANDMARK VOLUME IN THE HISTORY OF LOGIC]‎

‎The Association for Symbolic Logic, 1936-1938. Royal8vo. In: Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 1-3. The three entire volumes bound in one offered here. Contemporary full cloth with silver gilt spine lettering. Provenance: Exlibris from the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York. A fine and completely clean copy.‎

‎"CLAIRAUT, (ALEXIS CLAUDE de).‎

‎Indledning til Geometrien. Öfversat ifrån Fransyska Språket.‎

‎Stockholm, Lars Salvius, 1744. Samtidigt hpergamentsbd. (14),190,22 pp. samt 14 kobberstukne plancher. Titelvignetten og andre vignetter og 3 foldeplancher kolorerede. Et par udsnit i titelbladet, hvor gl. ejernavne bortklippet. Uden teksttab. Lidt spredte brunpletter, men ganske velbevaret.‎

‎First Swedish edition of Clairaut's renowned elementary geometry ""Élémens de géométrie"", 1741.Clairaut’s Élémens de géométrie is linked to the more liberal school. He wanted geometry to be rediscovered by beginners and therefore put together, for himself and for them, a very optimistic history of mathematical thought that reflected the concepts of his contemporaries Diderot and Rousseau. (DSB).""I intended to go back to what might have given rise to geometry"" and I attempted to develop its principles by a method natural enough so that one might assume it to be the same as that of geometry’s first inventors, attempting only to avoid any false steps that they might have had to take"" [Élémens de géométrie, preface].‎

书商的参考编号 : 45769

‎"CLIFFORD, W.K.‎

‎On Mr. Spottiswoode's Contact Problems.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1874). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1874 - Vol. 164 - Part II. Pp. 705-717.‎

‎First printing of one of Clifford's papers in geometry.""William Clifford (1845-1879) was an important mathematician of his day. He is most remembered today for his invention of Clifford algebras, which are fundamental in modern differential geometry and mathematical physics. His ideas on the connection between energy and matter and the curvature of space were important in the eventual formulation of general relativity. Clifford was particularly interested in non-Euclidean geometry. However, in his relatively brief career, he made contributions to diverse fields of mathematics: elliptic functions, Riemann surfaces, biquaternions, motion in Euclidean and non-Euclidean space, spaces of constant curvature, syzygies, and so on.""‎

书商的参考编号 : 49411

‎"CLEBSCH. [RUDOLF FRIEDRICH ALFRED].‎

‎Ueber den Zusammenhang einer Classe von Flächenabbildungen mit der Zweitheilung der Abel'schen Functionen (+) Ueber die Bewegung eines Körpers in einer Flüssigkeit (+) Ueber die Bedeutung einer simultanen Invariante einer binären quadratischen und ein...‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1871. 8vo. Bound in black full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Mathematische Annalen. Herausgegeben von A. Clebsch und C. Neumann. 3. Band, 1871"". Entire issue offered. Two library labels pasted on to pasted down front free end-paper and small blue library stamp to verso of title page. Small write bar-code pasted on to top left corner of front board. A fine and clean copy. [Clebsch:] Pp. 45-75" Pp. 238-262 Pp. 263-264" Pp. 265-267. [Entire issue: IV, 632 pp.].‎

‎First printing of four important paper by the influential German mathematician. ""In 1868 Gordan had already proved the precursory theorem on the finiteness of binary invariants. The theory of binary invariants thus being more complete, Clebsch published a book on this part of the theory (1872), giving a summary of the results obtained [In the offered papers]"". (DSB). In 1868 he and his friend Carl Neumann, son of Franz Neumann, founded the Mathematische Annalen.‎

书商的参考编号 : 45059

‎"CLEBSCH, A. [RUDOLF FRIEDRICH ALFRED].‎

‎Ueber die ebene Abbildung der geradlinigen Flächen vierter Ordnung, welche eine Doppelcurve dritten Grades besitzen.‎

‎Leipzig, B.G. Teubner, 1870. 8vo. In ""Mathematische Annalen, 2. Band, 3. Heft, 1870"". In the original printed wrappers, without backstrips. Back wrappers with a few nicks. [Clebsch:] Pp. 504-13. [Entire issue: 385-514 pp].‎

‎First printing.‎

书商的参考编号 : 45261

‎"CLEBSCH, A.‎

‎Ueber symbolische Darstellung algebraischer Formen. - [SEMINAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE SYMBOLIC METHOD IN INVARIANT THEORY]‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1861. 4to. As extracted from ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 59. Band, 1861"". Without backstrip. Fine and clean. [Clebsch:] Pp. 1-62.‎

‎First printing of Clebsch's early and founding paper on the symbolic method in invariant theory. The Symbolic method is based on treating the form as if it were a power of a degree one form, which corresponds to embedding a symmetric power of a vector space into the symmetric elements of a tensor product of copies of it.""Clebsch completed the symbolic calculus for forms and invariants created by Aronhold, and henceforth one spoke of the Clebsch-Aronhold symbolic notation. Clebsch’s own contributions in this field of algebraic geometry include the following. With the help of suitable eliminations he determined a surface of order 11n - 24 intersecting a given surface of order n in points where there is a tangent that touches the surface at more than three coinciding points. For a given cubic surface he calculated the tenth-degree equation on the resolution of which the determination of the Sylvester pentahedron of that surface depends. For a plane quartic curve Clebsch found a remarkable invariant that, when it vanishes, makes it possible to write the curve equation as a sum of five fourth-degree powers. At the end of his life Clebsch inaugurated the notion of a ""connex,"" a geometrical object in the plane obtained by setting a form containing both point and line coordinates equal to zero."" (DSB)‎

书商的参考编号 : 48050

‎"CLEBSCH, A.‎

‎Zur Theorie der algebraischen Flächen (+) Ueber eine Transformation der homogenen Funktionen dritter Ordnung mit vier Veränderlichen.‎

‎Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1861. 4to. As extracted from ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 58. Band, 1861"". Without backstrip. Fine and clean. Pp. 93-126.‎

‎First printing of these two important papers on Quaternary cubics (a degree 3 homogeneous polynomial in four variables).‎

书商的参考编号 : 49316

‎"CLAIRAUT, (ALEXIS CLAUDE de).‎

‎Indledning til Geometrien. Öfversat ifrån Fransyska Språket.‎

‎Stockholm, Lars Salvius, 1744. Samtidigt hldrbd. Øverste rygfelt med bortslid af noget af skindet. Uden forreste friblad. (14),190,22 pp. samt 14 kobberstukne plancher.‎