‎Physics‎

‎"LANDAU, L.‎

‎Diamagnetismus der Metalle. - [LANDAU DIAMAGNETISM]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1930. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 64, 1930. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 629-637. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 862 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Landau's ""fundamental work in the field of the theory of metals, showing that the degenerate electron gas possesses diamagnetic susceptibility"" (DSB), often referred to as Landau diamagnetism. ""His best known work from this time is his diamagnetism of metals in which he showed that not only the spins of free electrons contribute to the magnetic properties of a metal but also their orbits. The motion of such electrons is allowed only for discrete energy values, the Landau levels."" (Brandt, The Harvest of A Century).‎

Bookseller reference : 49058

‎"LANDAU, L.‎

‎Diamagnetismus der Metalle. - [LANDAU DIAMAGNETISM]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1930. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 64, 1930. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 629-637. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 862 pp.].‎

‎"LANDAU, L. (+) R PEIERLS.‎

‎Quantenelektrodynamik im Konfigurationsraum. - [THE LANDAU-PEIERLS WAVE FUNCTION]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1930. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 62, 1930. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 188-200. [Entire volume :VIII, 801 pp].‎

‎First printing of this important paper containing the first appearance of the Landau-Peierls wave function. ""Landau and Peierls argued that field measurements could not be performed unambiguously and hence that current quantum electrodynamics was inconsistent. The Landau-Peierls criticism caused concern until 1933, when Bohr and Rosenfeld showed that the consequences of quantrum electrodynamics were consistent with the best possible measurements of electromagnetic field quantities. (Kragh, Quantum Generations).‎

Bookseller reference : 49057

‎"LANDAU, L. (+) R PEIERLS.‎

‎Quantenelektrodynamik im Konfigurationsraum. - [THE LANDAU-PEIERLS WAVE FUNCTION]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1930. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 62, 1930. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 188-200. [Entire volume :VIII, 801 pp].‎

‎"LANDAU, LEV (+) RUDOLF PEIERLS.‎

‎Erweiterung des Unbestimmtheitsprinzips für die relativistische Quantentheorie.‎

‎Berlin, Springer 1931. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 69, 1931. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. pp.56-69. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 861 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Landau and Peierls's important paper in the development of quantum field theory. The present paper became seminal for Bohr and Rosenfeld's 1933 paper which is often credited with having laid the foundation for quantum electrodynamics.Landau and Peierls published a critical analysis of the consequences of such limitations in a relativistic quantum theory of fields (second paper offered). Landau and Peierls came to the negative conclusion that in several cases, the concept of momentum was without physical meaning and quantities such as the strength of a field was un-measurable.‎

Bookseller reference : 49123

‎"LANDAU, LEV (+) RUDOLF PEIERLS.‎

‎Erweiterung des Unbestimmtheitsprinzips für die relativistische Quantentheorie.‎

‎Berlin, Springer 1931. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 69, 1931. Entire issue offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. pp.56-69. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 861 pp.].‎

‎"LANDRIANI, MARSILIO.‎

‎Dell' utilità dei Conduttoti Elettrici. Dissertazione.....Publicata per Ordine de Governo. - [REPEATING FRANKLIN'S ELECTRICAL EXPERIMENTS]‎

‎Milano, Marelli, 1784. 8vo. Bound uncut in a fine later hvellum, spine gilt and gilt lettering to titlelabel. Engraved titlepage with an engraved illustration of different kinds of lightening experiments a la Franklin. XIV,304 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate showing how to install lightening conductors on buildings. One engraved vignette and 1 fine engraved initial. Internally clean and fine, a wide-margined copy.‎

‎Scarce first edition of Landriani's large work on the funcioning of lightning conductors, on natural and artificial electricity, the Franklin experiments, and lightening-rods, which also includes a collection of letters from de Saussure, Toaldo and others, here printed for the first time. At the end a comprehensive catalogue of European buildings on which lightning rods were installed: ""Catalogo dei Conduttori Elettrice"".""Landriani's name is repeatedly linked to Volta's inventions (from the electrophorus to the pile) and especially to the eudiometer. The term (derived from the Greek ""eudia"" (""fair weather"") was first used by Landriani in the ""Recherche"" to indicate the instrument he had devised to measure the purity of the air.....Volta transformed the instrument, assigning it new tasks. In 1777 the eudiomter entered the history of science as a valued instrument for the analyzing of gases."" (DSB VII, 620-21).Wheeler Gift No. 523.‎

Bookseller reference : 44317

‎"LANDÉ, A.‎

‎Termstruktur und Zeemaneffekt der Multipletts. - [FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE ""LANDÉ INTERVAL RULE""]‎

‎Braunschweig, Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn u. Julius Springer, 1923. 8vo. Bound in contemporary halfcloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 15. (Entire volume offered). A stamp on front free end paper.. Pp.189-205. [Entire volume: IV,420 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Lalandé important paper in which the ""Landé interval rule"" was introduced for the very first time.""Lalandé interval rule states that when the spin-orbit interaction is weak enough to be treated as a perturbation, an energy level having definite spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum is split into levels of differing total angular momentum, so that the interval between successive levels is proportional to the larger of their total angular momentum values."" (Morris, (1992). Academic Press dictionary of science and technology. P. 1201).‎

Bookseller reference : 48932

‎"LANDÉ, A.‎

‎Termstruktur und Zeemaneffekt der Multipletts. - [FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE ""LANDÉ INTERVAL RULE""]‎

‎Braunschweig, Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn u. Julius Springer, 1923. 8vo. Bound in contemporary halfcloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 15. (Entire volume offered). A stamp on front free end paper.. Pp.189-205. [Entire volume: IV,420 pp].‎

‎"LANDÉ, A.‎

‎Termstruktur und Zeemaneffekt der Multipletts.Braunschweig, - [FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE ""LANDÉ INTERVAL RULE""]‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1923. 8vo. Bound in contemporary halfcloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 15. Entire volume offered. A stamp on front free end paper and title page, light wear to extremities. Pp.189-205. [Entire volume: IV,420 pp].‎

‎First appearance of Lalandé important paper in which the ""Landé interval rule"" was introduced for the very first time.""Lalandé interval rule states that when the spin-orbit interaction is weak enough to be treated as a perturbation, an energy level having definite spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum is split into levels of differing total angular momentum, so that the interval between successive levels is proportional to the larger of their total angular momentum values."" (Morris, (1992). Academic Press dictionary of science and technology. P. 1201).‎

Bookseller reference : 49491

‎"LANDÉ, A.‎

‎Zur Theorie der Röntgenspektren.‎

‎[Berlin, Julius Springer, 1923]. 8vo. Extracted from ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel. 16. Band"". No backstrip. Pp. 391-96.‎

‎First printing.‎

Bookseller reference : 49494

‎"LANGEVIN, PAUL.‎

‎Sur la théorie du mouvement brownien.‎

‎(Paris: Gauthier-Villars), 1908. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences"", Vol 146, No 10. Entire issue offered. Pp. 530-33. [Entire issue: Pp. 511-54].‎

‎First appearance of Langevin landmark paper in which ""Langevin successfully applied Newtonian dynamics to a Brownian particle and so invented an analytical approach to random processes which has remained useful to this day."" (Lemonsa, Paul Langevin’s 1908 paper, P. 1079). In 1908, three years after Albert Einstein initiated the modern study of random processes with his ground breaking paper on Brownian motion, Paul Langevin devised a very different but likewise successful description of Brownian motion. Both descriptions have since been generalizedinto mathematically distinct but physically equivalent tools for studying an important class of continuous random processes. Langevin's work, like Einstein's, remains current and is widely referenced and discussed.""Langevin's approach to Brownian motion is, in his own words, ''in?nitely more simple'' than Einstein's. Indeed, his paper is apparently more simple and for this reason is attractive as an introduction to the subject. While Einstein, starting from reasonable hypotheses, derived and solved a partial differential equation (i.e., a Fokker-Planck equation) Governing the time evolution of the probability density of a Brownian particle, Langevin applied Newton's second law to a representative Brownian particle. In this way Langevin invented the ''F=ma'' of stochastic physics now called the ''Langevin equation.'' Today it is clear that the apparent simplicity of Langevin's approach was purchased at the cost of forcing into existence new mathematical objects with unusual properties. While Langevin manipulated these objects (Gaussian white noise and the stochastic differential equation) cautiously and intuitively, their formal properties have now been developed and widely applied. Thus Langevin's 1908 paper inspired new mathematics as well as new physics."" (Lemonsa, Paul Langevin’s 1908 paper, P. 1082).""In 1908, Langevin, whose skill in kinetic theory had first been developed when he worked on ionic transport, turned briefly to the theory of Brownian motion developed by Einstein in 1905 and, via a more direct route, by Smoluchowski in 1906. The result was simplified, still-standard treatment which, unlike Smoluchowski’s, produced precisely Einstein’s formula for the mean-square displacement."" (DSB) ,‎

Bookseller reference : 48627

‎"LANGLEY, S.P. - INVENTION OF THE BOLOMETER.‎

‎Le Bolomètre. Mémoire lu devant la Societe Mét´rorologique américaine, décembre 1880.‎

‎Paris, Imprimerie Gauthier-Villars, 1881. 8vo. Contemporary half calf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Two small stamps on verso of title-page, and one on verso of the plates. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", Cinquiéme Series - Tome XXIV. 576 pp. + 2 folded plates. Langley's paper: pp. 275-284, textillustrations.‎

‎First French edition of the paper in which Langley describes the function of his invention of the bolometer for measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation. A bolometer is a device for measuring the power of incident electromagnetic radiation via the heating of a material with a temperature-dependent electrical resistance.""Correctly recognizing the need for measurements of the energy of radiation as a function of wavelenght, Langley developed a new instrument ""the bolometer"" between 1879 and 1881 to do this......The superior measurements by means of the bolometer, the newly discovered extent of the solar spectrum, and the new results for selective absorption of the earth’s atmosphere were significant contributions to the study of the sun and its effects on the earth.""(DSB).Langley was awarded the Nobe l in physics in 1908.The volume conatins also Gabriel Lippmann (Nobel Prize 1908) ""Princiope de la Coservation de L'électricité"", pp. 145-178 and Crooke's famous paper (in French) ""Sur la viscosité des Gaz trés raréfies"", pp. 476-547 with 1 plate.‎

Bookseller reference : 46019

‎"LAPLACE, PIERRE-SIMON & JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH FOURIER.‎

‎Sur la Diminution de la durée du jour par le refroidissement de la terre. (+ Fourier:) Extrait d'un Mémoire sur lle Refroidissement séculaire du globe terrestre. - [GLOBAL COOLING]‎

‎Paris, De Feugueray, 1820. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers, partly unopened. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Tome XIII - Avril 1820. The whole issue: pp. 337-448. Laplace's paper: pp. 410-417. Fourier's paper:pp. 418-438.‎

‎"LAPLACE, PIERRE-SIMONE. - LAPLACE'S THEORY OF CAPILLARITY.‎

‎Considerations Sur la Théorie des phénomènes capillaires. (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 13 septembre 1819). (+) Application du calcul des probabilités aux opérations géodésiques de la méridienne de France. (+) Mémoire Sur l'Application du calcul...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1819. Later full buckram. Gilt lettering on spine. Stamp on verso of title-page.. ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Tome 12.. Entire volume offered. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. Laplace's papers: pp. 5-12, pp. 37-41 a. pp. 337-341. Scattered brownspots.‎

‎The paper on Capillarity is the last version of this theory in which he refined it to take account of the effect of heat in reducing the attractive force between the particles of a liquid. ""The net attractive force was now taken as the difference between the innate attraction (the only force considered in the supplement to the ""Mecanique celeste"") and a repulsive force that was supposed to be caused by the presence of heat.""(DSB). - Using the theory of Boscovich, ""who assumed that between every two ultimate particles and along the lines connecting them forces act which are attractive for some distances and repulsive for others. Using this theory, with the added requirements that that the molecular forces diminish rapidly with increase of the distances between the molecules, Laplace was able to develop his theory of capillarity (referring to the offered paper).""(Timoshenko ""History of the Strenghts of Material"", p. 104).The 2 papers here offered on probability applied, were both incorporated into the third edition of ""Theoriques analytique des probabilities"" (1820).‎

Bookseller reference : 49624

‎"LAPLACE, PIERRE-SIMONE. - LAPLACE'S THEORY OF CAPILLARITY.‎

‎Considerations Sur la Théorie des phénomènes capillaires. (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences le 13 septembre 1819). (+) Application du calcul des probabilités aux opérations géodésiques de la méridienne de France. (+) Mémoire Sur l'Application du calcul...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1819. Later full buckram. Gilt lettering on spine. Stamp on verso of title-page.. ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Tome 12.. Entire volume offered. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. Laplace's papers: pp. 5-12, pp. 37-41 a. pp. 337-341. Scattered brownspots.‎

‎"LAPLACE, PIERRE-SIMONE. - THE SHORT-RANGE FORCES.‎

‎Theorie der Kraft. 1.-4 Haupttheil. (1. Welche in den Haarröhren und bei ähnlichen Erscheinungen wirkt. - 2. Die Wirkung der Haaröhren-Kraft auf eine neue Art Betrachtet. - 3. Theorie des Anziehens und Abstossens schwimmender Körper, der Adhäsion eine...‎

‎Leipzig, Joh. Ambrosius Barth, 1809. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine, raised bands. Very slightly rubbed. In ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 33. (Entire volume offered). (12),452 pp. and 4 folded engraved plates. Internally clean and fine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. Laplace's papers: pp. 1-114, pp. 141-182, pp. 273-293, pp. 293-338 a. pp. 373-394.‎

‎"LARMOR, JOSEPH. - THE FITZGERALD-LORENTZ CONTRACTION CONFIRMED.‎

‎A Dynamical Theory of the Electric and Luminiferous Medium. - Part III. Relations with Material Medica. Received April 21, 1897, - Read May 13, 1897.‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1898). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Year 1897, Volume 190 - Series A. - Pp. 205-300, textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎"LASSEN, N. O.‎

‎Total charges of fission fragments as functions of the pressure of the stopping gas (+) The total charges of fission fragments in gaseous and solid stopping media.‎

‎København, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1951. 8vo. 2 volumes both in the original wrappers. Offprints from ""Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab"", bind 26, no. 5 & bind 26, nr. 12. Both fine and clean. 28 pp." 19 pp.‎

‎"LAUE, MAX von - AN EXPERIMENTAL PROOF OF THE GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY.‎

‎Die Mitführung des Lichtes durch bewegte Körpernach dem Relativitätsprincip. + Zur Cohnschen Elektrodynamik.‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1907. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 23. Pp. 989-990 a. pp. 991-996. The leaves is punched in inner margins after cords. Fine and clean.‎

‎"LAUE, MAX von.‎

‎Die Entropie von partiell kohärenten Strahlenbündeln. (+) Nachtrag. (2 papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1907. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Bd. 23. Pp. 1-43 a. pp. 795-797. The leaves is punched in inner margins after cords. Fine and clean. A stamp on the first leaf.‎

‎"LAUE, MAX VON.‎

‎Die Fortpflanzung der Strahlung in dispergiernden und absorbierenden Medien.‎

‎(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1905). 8vo. No wrappers. Extracted from ""Annalen der Physik"" Vierte Folge. Bd. 18. Pp. 523-566. [Entire offering: Pp. 413-638].‎

‎"LAUE, MAX VON.‎

‎Röntgenstrahlinterferenz und Mischkristalle.‎

‎Leipzig, Brath, 1918. 8vo. In full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 56. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on the pasted down front free end paper. Traces after a label to lower part of spine. Stamp to title page. Internally fine and clean. Pp. 497-506. [Entire volume: VIII, 1152 pp.].‎

‎"LE CHATELIER, HENRI LOUIS. - INVENTION OF THE PLATINUM THERMOCOUPLE.‎

‎Sur la variation produite par une élèvation de température, dans la force électromotrice des couples thermo-électriques.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1886. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 102, No 14. Pp. (783-) 834. (Entire issue offered). Le Chatelier's paper: pp. 819-822.‎

‎"LEBEDEV, P.N.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Druckkräfte des Lichtes. - [FIRST CONFIRMATION OF MAXWELL'S ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY]‎

‎Leipzig, Barth, 1901. 8vo. Bound in full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vol. 6, 1901. Entire volume offered. Library labels pasted on to front end papers, stamp to title page, otherwise a fine copy. Pp. 433-58. [Entire volume: VIII, 876 pp. + 3 folded plates].‎

‎First appearance of the account of Lebedev's seminal experiment proving that light exerts a mechanical pressure on material bodies thereby confirming Maxwell's electromagnetic theory for the very first time - a landmark discovery in modern physics. James Clerk Maxwell ""made an important new prediction from his electromagnetic theory-that electromagnetic waves exert a radiation pressure. Bright sunlight, he calculated, presses on the earth's surface with a force of around 4 pounds per square mile [...] This was too tiny a value to be observable in everyday life and its detection posed a challenge to experimenters. Eventually, in 1900, the Russian physicist Pyotr Lebedev succeeded, and confirmed James' prediction. Although small on an earthly scale, radiation pressure is one of the factors that shape the universe. Without it there would be no stars like our sun. [The] discovery also helped to explain a phenomenon that had puzzled astronomers for centuries-why comets' tails point away from the sun"" (Mahan, The Man who Changed Everything: The Life of James Clerk Maxwell, 183).""As early as 1891 Lebedev became seriously interested in the pressure of light. He turned his attention to the fact that since the force of gravity is proportional to the volume of a body whereas light pressure must be proportional to its surface, it may be asserted that in a particle of cosmic dust the forces of light pressure pushing the particle away from the sun will be equals to the force of gravity attracting it toward the sun. Lebedev used this theory to explain why comets'tails always point away from the sun. His hypothesis was considered correct until the discovery of the solar wind, which creates substantially greater pressure than the sun's light.Around 1898, Lebedev began experimental research on light pressure. Although its presence had been predicted by Maxwell's theory, it had not been detected experimentally before Lebedev. He first undertook research on the pressure of light on solid bodies. Because of the weakness of the effect itself and the considerable number of possible side effects, this experimental problem presented very great difficulties: if a body that is supposed to react to light pressure is placed in a gas, the warming of the body by the light will inevitably cause convection currents and thus set the body in motion. If the body is placed in a vacuum (in practice, in gas at very low pressure), the so called radiometric effect will occur. As a result of the uneven warming of the front and back of the body, the molecules of gas hitting the body from the front will be repulsed more forcefully than those striking the back, thereby exerting greater pressure. By extremely ingenious methods Lebedev succeeded in completely eliminating these side effects and not only detected the pressure of light but also measured it and showed the correctness of Maxwell's quantitative theory. ""Opytnoe issledovanie svetovogo davlenia""(""An Experimental Investigation of the Pressure of Light"") was read by Lebedev at the International Congress of Physicists at Paris in 1899 and was published in 1901."" (DSB)‎

Bookseller reference : 49817