‎Thé‎

‎"BARLOW, PETER. - THE ""BARLOW LENS""‎

‎An Account of the Construction of a Fluid Lens Refracting Telescope of eight inches aperture, and eight feet and three quarters in lenght, made for the Royal Society by george Dolland. Read November 22, 1832.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833).‎

‎First printing of the paper in which he describes the 8 inch-telescope with the fluid lens - the so-called second Barlow-lens - required by the Royal Society for testing.""Barlow’s next major contribution makes his name still well known by amateur astronomers today. He invented the Barlow lens, a telescope lens consisting of a colourless liquid between two pieces of glass. The ""Barlow lens"", a modification of this telescope lens, is a negative achromatic combination of flint glass and crown glass. It is a negative lens used to extend the effective focal length of a telescope objective.""""His optical experiments began about 1827. There were several experiments to correct a single lens for chromatic aberration with concave lenses. These correctors were first placed near the first lens, but some opticians moved the concave lens further down the tube. This arrangement was described 1828 by Rogers in a paper to the Astronomical Society. By this a 3 inch concave flint lens was sufficient to correct a 9 inch crown glass. Smaller lenses near the focus would do the colour correction, but have to have steeper curves which would introduce spherical aberration.""‎

Référence libraire : 44051

‎"BARON, (THÉODORE). - THE COMPOSITION OF BORAX.‎

‎Examen Chymique d'un Sel apporté de Perse, sous le Nom de Borech, avec des réflexions sur une Dissertation latine concernant la même matière, dédiée à la Société Royale de Londres.‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1755). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome II. Pp. 412-434.‎

‎First printing of one of the 2 papers in which baron finally settled the composition of Borax. He showed that Borax is formed by the combination of soda with the substance (boric acid) previously called se sédatif.‎

Référence libraire : 45935

‎"BAYLISS, W.M. (WILLIAM MADDOCK) & ERNEST H. STARLING. - FOUNDING THE SCIENCE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY.‎

‎On the Causation of the so-called 'Peripheral Secretion' of the Pancreas (Preliminary Communication). Received January 22, - Read January 23, 1902.‎

‎London, Harrison and Sons, 1902. 8vo. Contemp. full cloth. Top of spine worn down. Lower spine end with a small crack. A collation remark on title-page. A bookmark on inside frontcover, stating that the volume was bound 10/9/02 for City of Manchester. Municipal Technical School. ""Proceedings of the Royal Society"", Vol. 69. VII,501 pp. a. 6 plates. Bayliss & Starling's announcement: pp. 352-353. Internally clean.‎

‎This is the first printing, annoucing a milestone discovery which introduced a quite new field in physiology and medicine, the discovery of the FIRST HORMONE, which the discoverers named ""Secretin"". A few years later Sterling coined the word 'hormone' from the Greek 'hormon', meaning to exite or set into motion. Until know it was though that the control of the glands, here the pancreas, was controlled by the nerves (Pavlow and others), but Bayliss and Sterling showed that they have found that the intestine was signalling the pancreas by some COMPLETELY NEW MECHANISM involving a new kind of body or substance functioning as a chemical messenger. ""If nerves are the sprinters of biology, Bayliss & Starling had discovered the marathon runners. In doing so, they also founded the science of hormones, called endocrinology"" (Alan Lightman ""The Discoveries"", p. 34 ff). The announcement, as offered here, was later the same year followed by their larger paper ""The Mechanism of Pancreatic Secretion"" which they published in ""Journal of Physiology (1902)"".""With the discovery of hormones, Bayliss & Starling had found the internal command and control centers - and in this, their discovery was much larger than a new communication system. The mechanism of response and control was chemical: atoms and molecules. Now, with hormones, there was a mechanism for a living thing to regulate itself. Furthermore with hormones, an organism could not only be studied but also controlled from the outside... Never had the living body come closer to a machine, a self-regulating machine governed not only by physics but also chemistry. An not only a machine, but a machine that we human could willfully control. At the start of the new century, we still have not come to terms with the implications of this idea.""(Alan Lightman).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1902 B.‎

Référence libraire : 49356

‎"BECQUEREL, ANTOINE HENRI.- THE DOCTORIAL DISSERTATION.‎

‎Recherches sur les Variations des Spectres D'Absorption dans les Christaux. (+) Surles Variations des Spectres D'Absorption des Composé du Didyme.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1888. Bound with the original printed wrappers to all 4 issues (8 wrappers) in contemp. hcalf. Wear to top of spine. Light wear along edges. Two small stamps on verso of titlepage. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6. Series - Tome XIV. 576 pp. The entire volume offered. Becquerel's papers pp. 170-257 a. pp.257-279.‎

‎First printing of Henri Becquerel's doctorial thesis. Becquerel is known for his discovery of radioactivity, for which he received the Nobel Prize for physics jointly with the Curies in 1903, and for other contributions to that field which he made during the half-dozen years when he was most active in it.After studying infrared spectra ""He then studied the absorption of light in crystals (1886-88), particularly its dependence of the plane of polarization of the incident light and the direction of its propagation through crystal (the papers offered). With these researches Becquerel obtained his doctorate from the Faculty of Sciences of Paris (1888) and election to the Academy of Sciences (1889).""(DSB I, p.558).The volume has other notable papers by Chappuis et Riviere, E. Edlund, M. Berthelot (3 papers).‎

Référence libraire : 43641

‎"BECQUEREL, EDMOND. - INVENTION OF THE PHOSPHOROSCOPE.‎

‎Recherches sur divers Effets Lumineux qui résultent de l'Action de la Lumiere sur les Corps.(Ce Travail comprend les deux Mémoires présentés à l'Academie des Sciences le 16 novembre 1857 et le 24 Mai 1858). (Premiere-deuxieme Mémoire).‎

‎(Paris, Victor Masson et Fils, 1859). Without wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 55, Cahier Janvier 1861. Pp. 5-128 a. 2 large folded engraved plates (emission-lines and the phosporoscope). The entire issue offered.‎

‎First appearance of Becquerel's first two pioneering studies on lluminiscent phenomena. ""It was in these studies that Becquerel first described the phosphoroscope, an instrument of his own invention consisting of a box sealed with two disks mounted on the same axis and pierced with holes arranged in such a way that light could not at any one time pass through the entire apparatus. By rapidly revolving these perforated disks, an observer could continously view substances in the dark only fractions of a second after they had been exposed to brilliant light"" and by regulating the speed of the revolution of the disks, one could measure the lenght of time that substances continued to glow after the exposure to light. Using this device, Becquerel was able to identify many new phosphorescent substances and to show that the phenomenon G.C. Stokes had named fluorescence in 1852 was in reality only phosphorescence of an extremely short duration....In this manner substances could be analyzed without physical or chemical alteration.""(DSB I, p. 556).Becquerel dis his most importent work in optics on the phenomena of luminescence. In the middle years of the nineteenth century, he virtually monopollized the significant discoveries made inthis field.(DSB).‎

Référence libraire : 44136

‎"BECQUEREL, HENRI. - ESTABLISHING THE CONNEXTION BETWEEN ROTATORY POWERS AND MAGNETISM.‎

‎Recherches expérimentales sur la polarisation rotatoire magnétique.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1877. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 5e Series,Tome 12. - 576 pp. a. 1 folded plate. (The entire volume offered). Becquerel's paper: pp. 5-87.‎

‎First edition of Henri Becquerel's importent study of the magnetic substances in which he sets forth his discovery that ""the magnetic rotation of the bodies is connected with their refractive index and with another function that varies with their specific magnetism"". For the first time it was showed that there is a connexion between the rotatory power and the magnetic properties of matter.The volume contains other importent papers, more than 10 papers by , MARCELLIN BERTHELOT, mainly on Thermo-Chemistry.‎

Référence libraire : 47427

‎"BEDE, THE VENERABLE. - BEDA.‎

‎Opera qoutquot reperiri potuerunt omnia: Hac ultima impressione ornatus in lucem edita. 8 Tomi. - [THE FIRST COMPLETE BEDE]‎

‎Coloniae Agrippinae (Köln), Sumptibus Anton. Hierati et Ioan. Gymnici, 1612. Folio. Bound in two contemporary, uniform full vellum bindings with remains of silk-ties on boards. Some traces of use to extremities. Some pages evenly browned, some brownspotted. First two volumes richly illustrated with woodcut diagrams, musical notes, earth- and heaven-maps etc. in the text, numerous woodcut initials throughout, engraved title-page. (10) pp, columns 1-168 (84 pp.), pp. 169 - 322, columns 323 - 452 (65 pp.) + (1) f., 238 pp. + (2) ff., columns 1 - 500 (250 pp.) + (2) ff., columns 1 - 916 (458 pp.) + (1) f., columns 1 - 816 (408 pp) + (1) f., columns 1 - 852 (426 pp.) + (2) ff., columns 1 - 485 (243 pp.) + (2) ff., columns 1 - 968 (484 pp.), 55 ff. (Index).‎

‎Very rare, early, and apparently first complete edition of the seminal works by the ""Father of English History"", the venrable Bede. Bede’s most famous work, his ""An Ecclesiastical History of the English People"" (Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum)? begins with the invasion of the British Isles by Roman forces and is considered one of the most important historical records documenting Roman rule, Anglo-Saxon settlement and the evolution of the Church on the island. With its focus on Anglo-Saxon history, the work is considered a key foundational text in the forming of a national English identity. The ""Ecclesiastical History"" contains stories that serve as the only source documenting the conversion to Christianity of the Anglo-Saxon tribes. It tells the story of Britons from Julius Caesar’s invasion, to the time of Bede himself . He tells the story of battles, conversions and miracles performed by monks and bishops, and details Britain’s early history from the Roman invasion. He furthermore describes the organization and establishment of Christianity in the English church and covers the personal history of ?Holy Ethelwald and miracles of growth within the English church, such as the development of the bishopric. ""Bede’s works fall into three groups: grammatical and “scientific,” scriptural commentary, and historical and biographical. His earliest works included treatises on spelling, hymns, figures of speech, verse, and epigrams. His first treatise on chronology, De temporibus (“On Times”), with a brief chronicle attached, was written in 703. In 725 he completed a greatly amplified version, De temporum ratione (“On the Reckoning of Time”), with a much longer chronicle. Both these books were mainly concerned with the reckoning of Easter. His earliest biblical commentary was probably that on the Revelation to John (703?–709)" in this and many similar works, his aim was to transmit and explain relevant passages from the Fathers of the Church. Although his interpretations were mainly allegorical, treating much of the biblical text as symbolic of deeper meanings, he used some critical judgment and attempted to rationalize discrepancies. Among his most notable are his verse (705–716) and prose (before 721) lives of St. Cuthbert, bishop of Lindisfarne. These works are uncritical and abound with accounts of miracles a more exclusively historical work is Historia abbatum (c. 725" “Lives of the Abbots”). In 731/732 Bede completed his Historia ecclesiastica. Divided into five books, it recorded events in Britain from the raids by Julius Caesar (55–54 BCE) to the arrival in Kent (597 CE) of St. Augustine of Canterbury. For his sources, he claimed the authority of ancient letters, the “traditions of our forefathers,” and his own knowledge of contemporary events. Bede’s Historia ecclesiastica leaves gaps tantalizing to secular historians. Although overloaded with the miraculous, it is the work of a scholar anxious to assess the accuracy of his sources and to record only what he regarded as trustworthy evidence. It remains an indispensable source for some of the facts and much of the feel of early Anglo-Saxon history."" (Encycl. Britt). Only three editions of Bede's Opera Omnia are known before Dr. Giles' edition from 1843 - 44. The first was printed in 1563 and the third in 1688. The 1688-edition constitutes the second edition of the present 1612-edition which is ""According to Dr. Henry, the only complete edition"" (Lowndes I:143). These three editions are also the only ones known to have been printed in folio (though Lowndes mentions the 1688-edition as 4to). The 1612-edition is the rarest. Some of the works contained in this edition are said not to be Bede's own, as some of the many scientific, richly illustrated works on geography, the heavens, the universe, music etc. bear small resemblance to his other works. Lowndes I:143, Brunet 1:731.‎

Référence libraire : 28124

‎"Before I can see my eyes under the skin 3" Ryuichi Tamura "The Ghost of Gassan-sho Completed" Atsushi Mori "Someday I will quit‎

‎Bungei Vol.23 Vol.8 August 1984‎

‎Kawade Shobo Shinsha 1984. Soft Cover. Fine. Number of books: 1 Kawade Shobo Shinsha paperback‎

Référence libraire : 2091202133001765

‎"BELL, ALEXANDER GRAHAM. - THE PHOTOPHONE AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS.‎

‎Sur l'application du photophone à l'étude des bruits qui ont lieu à la surface solaire. Note présentée par M. Janssen au nom de Alex. Graham Bell.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1880. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 91, No 18. Pp.(698-) 736. (Entire issue offered). Bell's paper: pp. 726-727.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Bell speculates how his and Tainter's invention of the Photophone or Radiophone could have a wider use. He pondered the photophone's possible scientific use in the spectral analysis of artificial light sources, stars and sunspots. He later also speculated on its possible future applications, though he did not anticipate either the laser or fiber-optic telecommunications:""Can Imagination picture what the future of this invention is to be!.... We may talk by light to any visible distance without any conduction wire.... In general science, discoveries will be make by the Photophone that are undreamed of just now."" Not long after its invention laboratories within the Bell System continued to improve the photophone in the hope that it could supplement or replace expensive conventional telephone lines. Its earliest non-experimental use came with military communication systems during World War I and II, its key advantage being that its light-based transmissions could not be intercepted by the enemy.‎

Référence libraire : 48148

‎"BERGONIÉ, J. & L. TRIBONDEAU. - THE ""BERGONIÉ-TRIBONDEAU LAW"" OF RADIATION.‎

‎Interprétation de quelques résultats de la Radiothérapie et essai de fixation d'une technique rationelle.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1906. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 143, No 24. Pp. (941-) 988. (Entire issue offered). The paper: pp. 983-985. Disbound.‎

‎First apperance of the paper in which the authors published the law named after them, the ""Bergonié-Tribondeau Law"", ""the sensitivity of cells to radiation varies directly with the reproductive capacity of the cells and inversely with their degree of differentiation""(Dorland).Garrison & Morton, No. 2005.‎

Référence libraire : 49450

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE - ""THE MOST COMPLETE STATEMENT OF THE FUNCTION OF THE PANCREAS""‎

‎Mémoire sur le pancréas et sur le role du suc pancréatique dans les phénomènes digestifs, particulièrement dans la digestion des matières grasses neutres.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Supplément aux Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Tome Premier. With half-title and title-page to Tome I. Pp. 379-563 and 9 engraved plates (4 handcoloured). A punched stamp to lower margin of title-page. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of this celebrated memoir in which Bernard describes his importent invesigations on the function of the liver, the pancreas and the pancreatic juices.""In 1846 Bernard began studying the pancreatic juices and their role in digestion,.... By observing the processes of digestion in dogs and rabbits, and by experimentation with pure pancreatic juices collected from temporary pancreatic fistulae, Bernard was able to show that pancreatic juices made fats absorbable by breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerine. In 1856 he published his most complete statement of the function of the pancreas, ""Mémoire sur le pancréas et sur le role du suc pancréatique dans les phénomènes digestifs, particulièrement dans la digestion des matières grasses neutres."" This appered in Volume I of the supplement to the ""Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", and it was also published as a separate edition in book form.""(Norman p. 247).Norman ""One Hundred Books Famous in Medicine"", No 67 B. -‎

Référence libraire : 49471

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE. - DEMONSTRATING THE FIRST PHASE OF FAT METABOLISM.‎

‎Recherches sur les Usages du Suc Pancreatique dans la Digestion.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1849. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 25. 512 pp. a. 2 folded engraved plates. Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Bernard's paper: pp. 474-484. First part of the volume with some scattered brownspots.‎

‎This paper describes the discovery of the digestive action of the pancreatic juice in the first phase of of fat metabolism. The paper was published in 3 journals at the same time, and was later in 1856 expanded into a book.""Bernard's most impressive discoveries in the field of digestion proper concerns the function of the pancreas, especially the importence of pancreatic juice in the digestion and absorption of fats...""(DSB II, p. 28).Garrison & Morton No 996. The volume contains another famous and importent paper: EDMOND BECQUEREL. ""De L'Image colorrées obtenues à la chambre obscure."" Pp.447-474.""The results of the investigations of Edmund Becquerel on photochromy, surpassed all those preceding them. He prepared his sensitive film by polishing a silver plate and immersing it in a metal perchloride solution or in chlorine water"" a violent film of silver subchloride formed, which under the influence of colored glass or of the spectrum takes on the impression received and which retains this color photograph as long as subsequent light action is avoided....Niepce de Saint-Victor devoted himself from 1851 to 1866 to Becquerel's method of heliochromy with chlorinated silver plates, improved the process, and obtained more brilliant and more vivid colors than those of his predecessor.""(Eder ""History of Photography"", p. 664).‎

Référence libraire : 43593

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE. - THE DISCOVERY AND ISOLATION OF GLYCOGENE.‎

‎Sur le mécanisme de la formation du sucre dans le foie. (+) Suite Sur le mécanisme... (+) Remarques sur la formation de la matière glycogène du foie. (3 Papers).‎

‎Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1855 a. 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 41, No 13 and Tome 44, No 12 a. No. 26. Pp. 461-500, pp. 578-640 a. pp. 1293-1363 (3 entire issues offered). Bernard's papers: pp. 461-469, pp. 578-586 a. pp. 1325-1331. Some scattered brownspots to the first paper.‎

‎First printing of these two milestone-papers in physiology in which Bernard discovers and isolates glycogen from the liver, shows that it is converted into blood glucose, and discovers the process of gluconeogenesis. He further creates the concepts ""experimental determination"" and ""local interieur""Bernard undertook the task of tracing out the various transformations of food stuffs within the animal organism, beginning with the carbohydrates"" and he not only found, contrary to the accepted view, that sugar was formed in the liver, but he was also able to isolate a substance from the hepatic tissue which, though not sugar, was converted by fermentation into dextrose. He made a special study of its properties and called it ""glycogen"".""The culmination of Bernard's work on the glycogenic function of the liver. He invented the term ""internal secretion"", and can be said to have started the scientific investigation of the internal secretions, although for 30 years the significance of his work was not generally realized. By his research on glycogene Bernard showed that the body not only can break down, but can also build up, complex chemical substances.""(Garrison & Morton) .Claude Bernard (1813-78) was a key figure in French nineteenth-century science, and one of the world's great physiologists. With good reason he has been called the ‘father of experimental medicine’.Garrison & Morton No. 1000 a. 999.1‎

Référence libraire : 47110

‎"BERNOULLI, (JACOB). - A NEW ERA IN THE MECHANICS OF ELASTICAL BODIES.‎

‎Veritable Hypothêse de la Résistance des Solides, Avec la Démonstration de la Coubure des corps qui sont Ressort. Lettre du 12. Mars 1705.‎

‎Paris, Jean Boudot, 1706. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1705"". Pp. 176-186 and 1 folded engraved plate.‎

‎First appearance of a founding paper in the theory of elastic curves. ""Importent also is his last work, on the resistance of elastic bodies (1705)."" (DSB II, p.49 s).""During the last quarter of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth centuries a rapid development of the infinitesimal calculus took place. Started on the Continent by Leibnitz...it progresssed principally by the work of Jacob and John Bernoulli. In trying to expand the field of application of this new mathematical tool, they discussed several examples from mechanics and physics. One such example treated by Jacob Bernouilli..concerned the shape of the deflection curve of an elastic bar and in this way he began an importent chapter inthe mechanics of elastic bodies.""(Timoshenko ""History of Strenght of Materials"" p. 25-26).‎

Référence libraire : 44383

‎"BERRY, M.V. (MICHAEL VICTOR) - THE DISCOVERY OF THE ""BERRY-PHASE""‎

‎Quantal phase factors accompanying adiabatic changes.‎

‎London, Royal Society, 1984. Royal8vo. Full buckram, gilt lettering to spine.In: ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"", Series A, vol. 392. IV,478 pp. (Entire volume offered). Berry's paper: pp. 45-57. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Berry describes his discovery of the ""Berry phase"", a unifying concept in quantum mechanics.""In 1983, Berry made the surprising discovery that a quantum system adiabatically transported round a closed circuit in the space of external parameters acquires, besides the familiar dynamical phase, a non-integrable phase depending only on the geometry of the circuit. This Berry phase, which had been overlooked for more than half a century, provides us a very deep insight on the geometric structure of quantum mechanics and gives rise to various observable effects. The concept of the Berry phase has now become a central unifying concept in quantum mechanics, with applications in fields ranging from chemistry to condensed matter physics. In particular, the Berry phase plays an important role in modern magnetism, an allows to reach a deeper understanding of a broad range of phenomena such as the spin-orbit coupling, the Aharonov-Bohm effect, the quantum Hall effect, the anomalous Hall effect, the magnon dynamics, the tunneling of magnetization in molecular magnets, etc. Further, in the light of the Berry phase, a number of new phenomena can be predicted in ferromagnets with a textured magnetization or in semiconductors with spin-orbit coupling."" (Patrick Bruno).‎

Référence libraire : 47169

‎"BERTHOLLET, CLAUDE LOUIS. - PREPARING THE WAY FOR THE ATOMIC THEORY IN CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Recherches sur les lois de l'affinité. (+) Suite des Recherches... (+) Suite des Recherches... (+) Suite des Recherches... (+) Suite des recherches.. (5 Parts).‎

‎Paris, Chez Fuchs, An IX(1801). Boundin 3 contemp. hcalf. Gilt spuines. Light wear along edges. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 36, 37 and 38. (Entire volumes offered). 336"330,(2)"334,(2) pp. and 5 engraved plates. Berthollet's paper: pp. 302-317, pp. 151-181, 221-252, pp. 3-29, 113-134.‎

‎Together with the memoir printed at the same time in ""Mémoires de l'Institut.."" this is the first appearance of B's groundbreaking work on the nature of chemical affinity and the fact that many factors influence chemical reactions, comparing chemical affinity to the force of gravity. The paper was at the end of the year published separately.The theory set forth here ""led directly to Prout's investigations which yielded a knowledge of definite chemical proportions and thus played a very importent part in preparing the way for the development of the Atomic Theory on which the whole modern chemistry is based.""(Duveen, p. 75).""Berthollet read a memoir on the general theory of affinities while he was still in Egypt. This was the starting point of his complete new system of chemistry, first briefly sketched in Recherches sur les lois de l’affinité (1801) and later developed into the comprehensive, two volume Essai de statique chimique. Here he attempted to provide a proper basis for chemistry, so that its experimental results could be viewed in the light of theoretical first principles. Berthollet developed a theory and a model adequate for the understanding and the interpretation of the rapidly growing body of chemical knowledge in his time. He was aware that the positive work of constructing a new theory had yet to be performed after the shock of Lavoisier’s criticism of the old chemistry.(DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1801 C.‎

Référence libraire : 46023

‎"BERZELIUS, J. (JÖNS JACOB). - THE SYSTEM OF NOMENCLATURE.‎

‎Versuch einer lateinischen Nomenclatur für die Chemie, nach electrisch-chemischen Ansichten. (Im Auszuge, frei bearbeitet, und mit Vorschlägen für die deutsche Nomenclatur begleitet, von Gilbert).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1812. Without wrappers. In: ""Annalen der Physik und der Physikalischen Chemie. Hrsg. Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 12 (= Bd. 42 der Reihe), Neuntes Stück. Titlepage to vol. 12. Pp. 1-116 a. 1 engraved plate. (The entire issue offered). Berzelius' paper: pp. 37-89.‎

‎First German edition of this classic paper in chemistry in which Berzelius presented his system of nomenclature to the scientific world. The paper was first preseted in French ""Essay sur la nomenclature chimique"" in Journal de Physique the year before (1811).""Of his contributions, moreover, to the development of the atomic theory and the advancement of chemical science, not the least valuable was the introduction of a chemical symbolism which, with slight modifivcations, is in use at the present day. By giving his symbols a quantitative meaning - the symbol of an element representing one atomic proportion by weight - it was possible ""to show briefly and clearly the number of elementary atoms in each compound and, after the determination of their relative weights, present the results of each analysis in a si8mple and easely retained manner."". This symbolism was speedily adopted on the Continent but, en England, only after some considerable time.""(Findley ""A Hundred Year of Chemistry"", p. 14). - Holmberg, Bibliografi öfver Berzelius, 1812:7).‎

Référence libraire : 44085

‎"BERZELIUS, JÖNS JACOB. - ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTENT WORKS IN THE HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY- GERMAN VERSION.‎

‎Versuch, die bestimmten und einfachen Verhältnisse anzufinden, nach welchen die Bestandtheile der unorganischen Natur mit einander verbunden sind. Erste Hälfte. (+) Zweite Hälfte. (+) Erste Fortsetzung des Versuchs, die bestimmten...(+) Zweite Fortse...‎

‎Halle, Rengerschen Buchhandlung, 1811, 1811, 1812. Without wrappers as published in ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 37, Drittes u. Viertes Stück + Bd. 38, Sechtes Stück + Bd. 40, Zweites u. Drittes Stück. The entire issues offered (5 issues). With titlepage to vol. 37, 38 a. 40. Pp. 233-480 a. 3 engraved plates., pp. 121-236 a. 2 engraved plates., pp. 117-348 a. 1 engraved plate. Berzelius's papers: pp. 249-337 a. 415-472.- Pp. 161-226. - Pp. 162-208 a. 235-330..‎

‎The papers represents one of the first announcements of Berzelius' discovery of the fixed chemical proportions, determining the weights and valencies of the various constituent elements in inorganic compounds. The papers were published at the same time in German (both here in Annalen and in Schweiger's Journal), and in French. By running many hundreds of analysis of chemical compounds he gave so many examples of the law of definite proportions that the world of chemistry could no longer doubt its validity, and in so doing he gave experimental evidence to the atomic theory. He hereby laid a solid fundation for the further development of chemistry.According to Söderbaum (Jac. Berzelius, 2, p.12) ""It was a giant work, one of the most importent in the history of chemistry, which was here presented. One is even more impressed when one remembers that it was a pioneer undertaking in every sense of the term. Analytic and synthetic methods existed before Berzelius' time, to be sure, but there were no precise methods of the sort which he required. They all had to be elaborated at the cost of time and labour.""(J. Erik Jorpes ""Jac. Berzelius"", p.45).""In general Berzelius's efforts were directed toward the consolidation and extension of the atomic theory. He improved chemical analysis and determined the composition of a large number of compounds, thus verifying the laws of constant and multiple proportions and furnishing the most accurate equivalent weights then available. By ingenious methods he arrived at the correct atomic composition of most common substances, and thus was enabled to draw up (in 1826) a table of atomic weights very nearly identical with the modern one.""(Leicester & Klicktein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 258).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1810-20 C.‎

Référence libraire : 43628

‎"BERZELIUS, JÖNS JACOB. - THE INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY INTRODUCED.‎

‎Experiments on the Nature of Azote, of Hydrogen, and of Ammonia, and upon the Degrees of Oxidation of which Azote is susceptible.‎

‎London, Robert Baldwin, 1813. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Marbled boards. Spine lacks and boards loose. In: ""Annals of Philosophy"" or Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics... By Thomas Thomson"". Vol. II. - VIII,480 pp. a. 7 plates. (Entire volume offered). Berzelius' paper: pp. 276-284, 357-368. Some browning and brownspots to plates.‎

‎First printing of this milestone papers in the history of chemistry, where Berzelius introduced his famous chemical symbolism (the offered paper is the first on the subject - Leicester & Klickstein calls it the ""Preliminary note) whereby an element is generally represented by the first letter of its Latin name, or, in the event of elements having the same first letter, by the first two letters. Even though his atomic symbols were introduced in 1813 (see the note on p. 359), it was quite a few years before Berzelius's symbols were adopted by the chemistry community. But once accepted, they became the new international language of chemistry. Berzelius ""contributed more to the development of the atomic theory and to the setting up of accurate values of the atomic weights than did any other worker of the time. Of his contributions, moreover, to the development of the atomic theory and the advancement of chemical science, not the least valuable was the introduction of a chemical symbolism which, with slight modification, is in use at the present day. By giving his symbols a quantitative meaning - the symbol of an element representing one atomic proportion by weight - it was possible ""to show briefly and clearly the number of elementary atoms in each compound and, after the determination of their relative weights, present the results of each analysis in a simple and easely retained manner"". This symbolism was speedily adopted on the Continent but, in England, only after some considerable time.""(Findlay ""A Hundred Years of Chemistry"", p. 14.).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1813 C. - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 258 ff. - Holmberg 1813:28 a.‎

Référence libraire : 49243

‎"BESSEL, (FRIEDRICH WILHELM) - THE FIRST MEASURE OF THE DISTANCE TO A STAR.‎

‎Observations pour déterminer la parallaxe annuelle de la 61e étoile du Cygne. - Extrait d'une Lettre de M. Bessel à M. de Humboldt. Note de M.Arago sur le même sujet. (Séance du Lundi 5 Novembre 1838). (+) Nouvelles observations sur la parallaxe annu...‎

‎Paris, Bachelier, 1838 a. 1840. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 7, No 19 and Tome 10, No 17/18. With title-ages to vol. 7 and 10. Pp. (769-) 803 a. pp. (671-) 717. (Entire issues offered). Bessel's papers: pp. 785-793 a. pp. 703-710. Stamp on both titlepages. The second titlepage with a fes brownspots, otherwise clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a milestone paper in astronomy, giving the solution of the great problem of distances in the universe which had baffled astronomers ever since the time of Copernicus, announcing the FIRST SUCCESSFUL DISPLACEMENT OR PARALLAX OF A FIXED STAR and hence deducing the FIRST RELIABLE DISTANCE OF THE EARTH TO A FIXED STAR. The parallax observed corresponded to ab. 600.000 times that of the earth from the sun. On these grounds Bessel calculated the distance to about 11 light years, and this was confirmed by fresh investigations by Bessel in 1839-40 (the second paper offered). In 1842-43 it was also confirmed by C.A.F. Peters at Pulkowa. It is the first published instance of the fathom-line thrown into celestial space.Bessel communicated his observations in Comptes Rendus, in a letter to Humboldt (the offered paper dated Nov. 5, 1838), in ""Monthly Notices"" in letter to J. Herschel, and in ""Astronomische Nachrichten"" Vol. 16, No 365-66 (pp. 65-96), 1838), where a more detail account was published.Ther paper ""Bestimmung der Entfernung des 61sten Stern des Schwans"" in ""Astronomische Nachrichten"" is dated at the end: Altona 1838, Dec. 13.Bessel's investigation was hailed by John Herschel when Bessel was awarded the R.A.S. gold medal ""The greatest and most glorious triumph which practical astronomy has ever witnessed"". ""For determining the parallax of 61 Cygni, Bessel selected two comparison stars of magnitude 9-10 at distances of roughly eight and twelve minutes of arc. 61 Cygni is a physical double star whose components differ in brightness by less than one magnitude. The distance of sixteen seconds of arc between the components favored the accuracy of the determination of the parallax because pointing could be carried out with two star images. After observing for eighteen months, by the fall of 1838 Bessel had enough measurements for the determination of a reliable parallax. He found that p = 0.314? with a mean error of ±:0.020?. This work was published in the Astronomische Nachrichten (1838), the first time the distance of a star became known. Bessel’s value for the parallax shows excellent agreement with the results obtained by extensive modern photographical parallax determinations,..."" (DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1838 A. - Shapley & Howarth ""A Source Book in Astronomy"", pp. 216 ff.‎

Référence libraire : 49473

‎"BIBLIA DANICA - FREDERIK DEN II's BIBEL. - THE SECOND DANISH BIBLE IN FOLIO‎

‎Biblia. Det er den gantske Hellige Scrifft Paa Danske igien offuerseet oc Prentet effter Salige oc høylofflige ihukommelse Kong Friderichs den II. Befalning. (3 dele).‎

‎Kiøbenhaffn, (Matz Vingaard), (1588-)89. Folio. (39 x 27 cm.). Samtidigt hellæderbind i brunt kalveskind over svært træ og med kanter i smig. Lettere ophøjede bind på ryg. Håndsyede kapitælbånd. Lille hak i skindet på nederste rygfelt. Med de 4 originale hængselsbeslag i støbt messing bevarede, men den ene strop fornyet og den anden mangler. Permerne har begge blindtrykte arabesker, i midterfeltet en stor arabesk og i hjørner og kanter 6 pyramideformede arabesker, som alle er med en blindtrykt krone i pyramidens top. Permerne har mindre messingstifter med store hoveder til beskyttelse af bindet ved opslag. Marmoreret snit. Bindet er ganske velbevaret med kun lidt kantslid og let slid på de ophøjede rygbind. (22),353(i.e.354),226,159 blade. Komplet, men uden de 3 blanke blade. Træskåret titelblad med tekst trykt i rødt i midterfeltet. Titelbladsvarianten med kongens kobberstukne portræt (af Goltzius) opklæbet på bagsiden (en del eksemplarer udkom uden portrættet). Blad 2 med rigsvåbnet, bladet er kantrepareret. 2 træskårne deltitelblade. Registerbladene med svag skjold i ydre marginer. De sidste 35 blade delvist omkantede, for det meste i ydre marginer. Ganske få spredte brunpletter. Iøvrigt ganske lette brugsspor. Et udmærket velbevaret og komplet eksemplar (bortset fra de 3 blanke).På forreste friblad er anført lidt af eksemplarets ejerhistorie fra 1819, - erhvervet af Mikkel Johannesson Fladebøe som her delvist klausulerer dens ejerskab til fremtidige ejere af gården (Fladebøe ?). Senere synes den overgået til andre i slægten bosat i U.S.A. (Olaf Albertsen, Axel Albertsen, Stanley Albertsen, Sidney Albertsen). Folio. (39 x 27 cm.). Contemporary brown full calf over heavy wooden boards with oblique edges. Sloghtly raised bands to spine. Hand-stitched capital bands. A small notch to the leather of bottom compartment of spine. With the four original brass clasps preserved, but one strap has been renewed and the other is missing. Boards with large blindstamped centre-arabesque and six pyramid shaped arabesques to corners and edges, all with a blindstamped crown on top. Large-headed bras spins to boards, to protect the boards when open. Marbled edges. A bit of wear to edges and light wear to the raised bands. (22), 353(i.e.354), 226, 159 ff. Complete, save for the three blank leaves. Woodcut title-page with centre-text printed in red. The title-page variant with the engraved portrait of the king (by Goltzius) mounted on verso. Several copies were issued without portrait, and some were issued, as here, with the title-page mounted on verso. F. 2 with the royal arms, restored at edges. Two woodcut helf-titles. The index-leaves with a vague damp stain to the outer margins. The last 35 leaves have been partly re-edged, mostly at the very outer margins. A bit of light scattered brownspotting. Light signs of wear. An overall well preserved copy in- as well as externally. Front free end-paper with handwritten notes on provenance from 1819 onward – bought by Mikkel Johannesson Fladebøe, who partly clauses the ownership of the copy to the future owners of the estate (Fladebøe?). It seems to have then passed to other generations of the same lineage located in The United States (Olaf Albertsen, Axel Albertsen, Stanley Albertsen, Sidney Albertsen).‎

‎The magnificent first printing of the second Danish-Norwegian Bible in folio. This, the second Danish Bible in folio, is also the first to be printed by a Dane. The scarce and famous ""Frederik II-Bible"" constitutes the magnum opus of the famed book printer Mads Vingaard ""and the most extensive work of printing undertaken in Denmark during the sixteenth century. The book is profusely illustrated with woodcuts copied from a german Bible issued by Sigmund Feyerabend in Frankfurt a. M. 1560. The original woodcuts were made by the artist and craftsman Virgil Solis... Wide woodcut borders together with pictures using themes from the Scriptures surround the title pages and the illustrations. On the reverse of the first title page many copies have pasted in a portrait of Frederich II, engraved by the Dutch artist Hendrick Goltzius. However, this portrait may also be found on a separate leaf."" (Thesaurus I).Lauritz Nielsen, 405. - Thesaurus I, 129. - Birkelund, 34.‎

Référence libraire : 57770

‎"BOHR, N. (NIELS). - THE ATOMIC MODEL AND THE ""STATIONARY STATE""‎

‎On the Quantum Theory of Radiation and the Structure of the Atom. (+) On the Decrease of velocity of Swiftly Moving Electrified Particles passing through Matter. (2 papers).‎

‎London, Taylor & Francis, 1915. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt, title- and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Spine a bit rubbed, some cracking to hinges, but covers not detached. In: ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"", Vol. XXX, Sixth Series. VIII,824 pp., textillustr. and 18 plates. (Entire volume offered). Bohr's papers: pp. 394-413 and pp. 581-612. A stamp to verso of titlepage. Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a landmark paper in which Bohr found experimental support for his energy equation for electron orbits and of stationary states in the work of Franck and Hertz from 1914. Furthermore, Franck and Hertz unwittingly provided an independent confirmation of the concept of stationary state. In 1914 they observed an energy threshold in the electron-stopping power of mercury vapor. This threshold, Bohr explained the following year, corresponded to a transition between the normal state and another (first excited) stationary state of the mercury atom (and not, as Franck and Hertz had originally thought, to the ionization of the atom). The supramechanical stability implied by the assumption of stationary states was now empirically proved to comprehend stability with regard to electron impacts.""Bohr had to frequently revise and refine his atomic model in light of new discoveries. One significant paper ""On the Quantum Theory of Radiation and the Structure of the Atom,"" (the paper offered) added more specific details about atomic states. For example Bohr had earlier made the argument that electrons could jump from one orbit to another as energy was emitted or absorbed. In this paper, he theorezed that an atom possesses stationary states in which energy was neither emitted nor absorbed. Any emission or absorption that did occur, such as might induce an electron ump, would correspond to the transition between two stationary states.""(sparknotes.com).An: the second paper offered. When Bohr had finished his importent paper on the hydrogen atom ""On the Theory of Decrease of Velocity of Moving Electrified Particles on passing through Matter"" 1913, he completed another paper on that subject (the paper offered), which includes the influence of effects due to relativity and to straggling (that is, the fluctuations in energy and in range of individual particles).(Pais p. 128).Rosenfeld no 13 a. 14.The volume contains further importent papers by J.J. THOMSON, W.H. BRAGG, RUTHERFORD & BARNES, SODDY & HITCHINS etc.‎

Référence libraire : 47170

‎"BOHR, NIELS AND F. KALCKAR. - THE LIQUID DROP MODEL OF BOHR INTRODUCED.‎

‎On the Transmutation of Atomic Nuclei by Impact of Material Particles. I. General theoretical Remarks. (all published)‎

‎Copenhagen, Levin & Munksgaard,1937. 8vo. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Det KGL. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Mathematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. XIV,10"". 40 pp. Fine and clean.‎

‎First edition of the work in which Bohr introduced his famous Liquid Drop Model of the atom in order to interprete the nuclear structure. (The paper was not continued as Kalckar died the following year).""It had, of course, been clear to Bohr that analogies with atomic spectra could not be of help in interpreting his (earlier) picture of nuclear structure. Peripheral electrons, thinly spread within the atomic volume, can be compared to a dilute gas of particles interacting in pairs only. By contrast Bohr's picture of intranuclear motions of tightly bound nucleons should show 'essential collective aspects', he said. Now, together with Kalckar, he suggested that for nuclei a much more proper comparison would be with a drop of liquid. That analogy should not be taken too literally, the dynamics of a true liquid drop is vastly different from thta of nucleai. Yet the comparison, treated cautiously, was tempting and in the event proved fruitful in many respects, particularly in regard to collective motions.""(Pais ""Niels Bohr's Times"", pp. 339-40).""In the liquid drop model, formulated by Niels Bohr, the nucleons are imagined to interact strongly with each other, like the molecules in a drop of liquid. A given nucleon collides frequently with other nucleons in the nuclear interior, its mean free path as it moves about being substantially less than the nuclear radius. This constant ""jiggling around"" reminds us of the thermal agitation of the molecules in a drop of liquid. The liquid drop model permits us to correlate many facts about nuclear masses and binding energies"" it is useful in explaining nuclear fission. It also provides a useful model for understanding a large class of nuclear reactions."" (FAQ).Rosenfeld No 56.‎

Référence libraire : 48816

‎"BOLTZMANN, LUDWIG. - DEFENDING THE ATOMIC VIEWPOINT.‎

‎Über die Integrale linearer Differentialgleichungen mit periodischen Coëfficienten.‎

‎Wien, Karl Gerold's Sohn, 1868. 8vo. Uncut and unopened in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften"", 58. Band, 1. Heft - Juni. Pp. (1-) 155 a. 7 plates.(Entire issue offered). Boltzmann's paper: pp. 54-59. Clean and fine.‎

‎First apperance of an importent paper in which Boltzmann from a mathematical point of view defends atomism. ""Throughout his career, even in his works on subjects other than kinetic theory Boltzmann was concerned with the mathematical problems arising from the atomic nature of matter. Thus, an early paper with the title ""Über die Integrale linearer Differentialgleichungen mit periodischcn Koeffizienten"" (1868) turned out to be an investigation of the validity of Cauchy’s theorem on this subject, which is needed to justify the application of the equations for an elastic continuum to a crystalline solid in which the local properties vary periodically from one atom to the next."" (DSB). The issue contains an importent paper by JOHANN JOSEPH LOSCHMIDT ""Ableitung des Potentiales bewegter elektrischer Massen aus dem Potentiale für die Ruhestand"", pp. 7-14, in which he attempted to derive the Weber-Ampère law from that of Coulomb, and, in accordance with Kirchhoff, to derive Ohm’s law from hydrodynamic flow laws, analogous to Poiseuille’s law.‎

Référence libraire : 47990

‎"BOLTZMANN, LUDWIG. - THE STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW - BLACKBODY RADIATION‎

‎Ableitung des Stefan'schen Gesetzes, betreffend die Abhängigkeit der Warmestrahlung von der Temperatur aus der electromagnetischen Lichttheorie.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1884. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 22, 6. Heft (= No 6). Titlepage to vol. 22. Pp. 145-304 (entire issue offered ""Heft"" 6). Boltzmann's paper: pp. 291-294. Small stamp to titlepage and verso of.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Boltzmann uses the second law of thermodynamics and Maxwell's electromagnetic theory to derive theoretically, based on Stefan's experimental observations, the proportionality of the radiation emitted from a body and the fourth power of the temperature of the body in Kelvin units. ""The law show a possible connection between thermodynamics and electromagnetism that was exploited in the later quantum theory. In the 1920s it was applied by Edington and others in explaining the equilibrium of stellar atmospheres.""(DSB II, p. 266).""The law states that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body per unit time (known variously as the black-body irradiance, energy flux density, radiant flux, or the emissive power), is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black body's thermodynamic temperature T (also called absolute temperature).The Stefan Boltzmann law was experimentally discovered in the year 1879 by Josef Stefan and deduced 1884 by Ludwig Boltzmann theoretically by thermodynamic considerations from the classical electromagnetic theory of the radiation. In the year 1900, thus 21 years after the Stefan Boltzmann law, discovered Max Planck the Planck radiation law designated after it, from which the Stefan Boltzmann law follows simply by integration over all directions and wavelengths. The Planck radiation law could attribute the Stefan Boltzmann constant also for the first time with the introduction of the quantum of action h to fundamental natural constants.""Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1883 P.‎

Référence libraire : 43536