‎Tea‎

‎LANGEVIN, P. (PAUL). - THE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION.‎

‎L'Ionisation des Gaz. (Chapter titles: I. L'Ionisation par les Rayons de Röntgen. II. L'Ionisation par les Rayons cathodiques.III. Recombination et Mobilités des Ions dans les Gaz" La Recombinaison des Ions).‎

‎Paris, Masson et Cie, 1903. 8vo. Bound with original printed yellow wrappers in contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage, on printed frontwrappers and on foot of p. 576. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 7me Series - Tome XXVIII. (Entire volume offered). 576 pp., textillustrations. Langevin's paper: pp. 289-384 (Chapitre I-II) and pp. 433-530 (Chapitre III). Internally clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Langevin's doctoral dissertation on X-rays and on the ionization of gases.Einstein wrote about Langevin : ""Langevin’s scientific thought displayed an extraordinary clarity and vivacity combined with a quick and sure intuition for the essential point. Because of those qualities, his courses exerted a decisive influence on more than a generation of French theoretical physicists..... It seems to me certain that he would have developed the special theory of relativity if that had not been done elsewhere, for he had clearly recognized its essential points.""‎

Bookseller reference : 44892

‎"POISSON, (SIMÉON-DENIS). - CO-FOUNDING THE ""MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF ELASTICITY"".‎

‎Mémoire sur l'Équilibre et le Mouvement des Corps élastiques. (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences, le 14 avril 1828).‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1828). 8vo. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Series 2 - Volume 37, Cahier 4. Pp. 337-444 (entire issue offered). Poisson's paper:pp. 337-355.‎

‎First appearance of one of the founding papers in ""The mathematical Theory of Elasticity"" and Poisson's first on the subject. ""The theory of elasticity based on the idea of a molecular structure attracted Poisson's interest, and he did much to lay the foundations of that science.""(Timoshenko p. 111 ff.).""In the preface to the long ""Mémoire sur I’équilibre et le movement des corps élastiques"" (14 April 1828), the hints yield to explicit declaration. In applying mathematics to physics, Poisson stated, it was necessary at first to employ abstraction and ""in this regard, Lagrange has gone as far as possible in replacing physical ties by equations between coordinates."" Now, however, ""along with this admirable conception,"" it is necessary to ""construct physical mechanics, the principle of which is to reduce everything to molecular actions."" In other words, the death of Laplace the previous year enabled Poisson to move boldly ahead with his long range plans and to present himself as Laplace’s successor.""(DSB)The issue offered contains notable papers by Berzelius, Gay-Lussac and others.‎

Bookseller reference : 44897

‎"DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE-ANDRE & J.S. STAS. - THE ATOMIC WEIGHT OF CARBON ESTABLISHED.‎

‎Recherches sur la véritable poids atomiques du carbone. (Lu à l'Academie des Sciences, le 21 décembre 1840).‎

‎Paris, Fortin, Masson et Cie, 1841. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3e Series - Tome 1. 512 pp. a. 3 folded engraved plates (showing experimental apparatus).Small stamp to verso of plates. (The entire volume offered). Dumas & Stas' paper: pp. 1-59. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance in full of this paper, stating the correct weight of the carbon atom, which had profound influence on the development of organic chemistry. The first announcement (in extrait) came out in Comptes rendus, Tome Xi, 1840.""From 1840 onward he carried out an important revision of the atomic weights of thirty elements. His most valuable contribution in this field was his very precise determination of the atomic weight of carbon (jointly with his pupil Stas) in 1840.2 A previously accepted weight, determined by Berzelius as C = 12.20 (O = 16), was shown to be incorrect. Dumas proved that C = 12±.002 (O = 16) or C = 75 (O = 100). The analysis was made by burning diamond and artificial and natural graphite in oxygen"" the carbon dioxide formed was weighed in potash solution. The results were in close agreement. The ""new"" weight of carbon had a great effect on the progress of organic chemistry.""(DSB).The volume contains further notable papers by Gerhardt et Cahours ""Recherches chimiques sur les huiles essentitielles"", pp. 60-110, by Laurent, Boussingault, Regnault, Dulong, Melloni et al.‎

Bookseller reference : 44902

‎"COULOMB, (CHARLES AUGUSTIN) - THE PRIZE-WINNING MÉMOIR CREATING THE SCIENCE OF FRICTION.‎

‎Théorie des Machines Simples, en ayant égard au Frottement de leurs Parties, et a la Roideur des Cordages. piece qui a remporté le Prix double de l'Academie des Sciences pour l'année 1781.‎

‎Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1785. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome X. Withtitlepage to vol. X. Pp. 131-332 and 5 folded engraved plates. The memoir has also its own titlepage. Fine and clean. Wide-margined.‎

‎First edition of this monumentalwork by which Coulomb CREATED THE SCIENCE OF FRICTION.""1781 saw him win the Academy prize for his mémoir ""Théorie des Machines Simples,"" in which the results of his experiments on the friction of different bodies slipping on one another (dry, or coated with greasy substances) were presented.""(Timoshenko p. 48).""Coulomb’s most celebrated study, one that brought him immediate acclaim, was ""Théorie des machines simples,"" his prize-winning friction study of 1781. He investigated both static and dynamic friction of sliding surfaces and friction in bending of cords and in rolling. From examination of many physical parameters, he developed a series of two-term equations, the first term a constant and the second term varying with time, normal force, velocity, or other parameters. In agreement with Amontons’s work of 1699, Coulomb showed that in general there is an approximately linear relationship between friction and normal force"" but he extended the investigation considerably to show complex effects due to difference in load, materials, time of repose, lubrication, velocity, and other considerations. Coulomb’s work in friction remained a standard of theory and experiment for a century and a half, until the advent of molecular studies of friction in the twentieth century. To quote Kragelsky and Schedrov’s recent monograph (p. 52) on the history of friction: ""Coulomb’s contributions to the science of friction were exceptionally great. Without exaggeration, one can say that he created this science.""(DSB).Poggendorff I:487.,‎

Bookseller reference : 44907

‎"LAVOISIER, ANTOINE-LAURENT ET AL. - THE SALPETRE COMMISSION.‎

‎Histoire de ce qui s'est passé relativement au Prix proposé sur la Formation du Salpêtre. (+) Recueil de Mémoires et de Pièces sur la Formation et la Fabrication du Salpêtre. (2 parts).‎

‎Paris, Moutard, 1786. 4to. Contemp. full sprinckled calf with 5 raised bands on spine. Richly gilt compartments, title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. A small nich to leather at middle of front hinge. A small tear to rear hinge at upper compartment. ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome XI. (4),198,682 pp. Wide-margined, fine and clean.‎

‎This collective work is the French Academy's monumental treatise on the chemistry and the production of Salpetre, a topic of great importence for the war-industry in making gunpowder. The volume contains papers by Macquer, Darcy, Lavoisier, Sage, Baumé, de la Rochefoucault, Clouer and an anonymous report on experiments made in England (CAVENDISH'S) on the composition of nitric acid....papers by Cornette, Thouvenel and Thouvenel, Le Lorgna, Gavinet and Chevrand, de Beunie, Romme, Clouet and Lavoisier, de Rochefoucault etc.(Partington III, p. 467 n).""The Regie des Poudres et Salpetres had the monopoly of refining salpetre from 1775 until it was suppressed during the Revolution. Until his retirement in 1791 the leading light in it was Lavoisier, who seems to have written its publications. - In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 4000 livres for a process for procuring an abundant supply of salpetre,the announcement being written by Lavoisier. Altogether 66 papers were received and the prize was finally awarded in 1782 to the brothers Thouvenel, who gave a full account of nitre plantations. The material was published in 1786 in one volume by the Academy. In it Lavoisier describes 'Experiences sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon' said to have been made in 1784...""(Partington III, pp. 466 ff.).""Peu de temps après que Lavoisier eut été nommé régisseur des poudres et salpêtres, il suggéra à Turgot, alors contrôleur général des finances, l'idée de charger l'Académie des sciences de décerner un prix au meilleur mémoire sur la formation du salpêtre. 'Académie nomma une commission dont Lavoisier fut le rapporteur " c'est lui qui examina tous les mémoires présentés au concours, en fit l'analyse, et, quand l'Académie publia en 1786 un volume contenant l'histoire du prix du salpêtre et les mémoires présentés au concours, c'est encore Lavoisier qui en fut le rédacteur. Ce volume fait partie du Recueil des mémoires de mathématiques et de physique présentés à l'Académie royale des sciences par divers savants et lus dans ses assemblées (tome XI, contenant le Recueil des mémoires sur la formation et la fabrication du salpêtre, à Paris, de l'imprimerie Moutard, DCCLXXXVI). Sauf les mémoires des concurrents et un mémoire du duc de la Rochefoucault, ce volume est tout entier de la main de Lavoisier. Il est formé de deux parties la première est intitulée : Histoire de ce qui s'est passé relativement au prix proposé sur la formation du salpêtre " la seconde partie comprend les mémoires présentés au concours ainsi que des mémoires de Lavoisier et Clouet, un mémoire sans signature, mais qui appartient à Lavoisier (le manuscrit autographe a été conservé), le mémoire du duc de La Rochefoucault, et les expériences de Lavoisier sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon.""‎

Bookseller reference : 44923

‎"SWINDEN, (JAN HENDRIK) VAN. - THE PRIZE-WINNING MEMOIR ON MAGNETISM AND THE COMPASS.‎

‎Recherches sur les Aiguilles Aimantées, et sur leurs Variations régulières, qui ont portagé le Prix proposé pour L'Année 1777.‎

‎Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1780. 4to. Contemp. full sprinckled calf with 5 raised bands on spine. Richly gilt compartments, title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome VIII. XXIV,624 pp., 8 engraved plates a. 52 folded tables. (Entire volume offered). Van Swinden's work: pp. 1-576, 3 folded engraved plates and 52 folded tables.‎

‎First edition of Van Swinden's large work on magnetism and the function of the compass and the variability of magnetic needles. It also explained the diurnal variation of the earth's magnetic force.In 1767 van Swinden obtained the chair of philosophy, logic, and metaphysics at Franekar University. He studied all the popular scientific topics of the period, especially magnetism, electricity, meteorolgy, and chemistry, and corresponded with many leading scientists, including Bonnet, Euler, Deluc, J. C. Wilcke, Bertholon, and Lalande. His Tentamen de magnete (1772) dealt with his mathematical theory of magnetism, and in 1777 he and Coulomb shared the gold medal of the Paris Academy of Sciences for a very detailed prize essay on magnetism, Recherches sur les aiguilles aimantées. (the essay offered).Poggendorff II, 1057‎

Bookseller reference : 44929

‎"VENEL, (GABRIEL FRANCOIS). - THE ANALYSIS OF SELTZER-WATER.‎

‎Mémoire sur L'Analyse des Eaux de Selters ou de Seltz. Première - (Seconde) Partie. (2 Mai 1750).‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1755). 4to. Extracts from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome II. Pp. 53-112. Clean and fine, wide-margined.‎

‎In these two memoirs Venel attempted to prove that effervescent mineral waters contain a quantity of common air in solution, thus seperating carbon dioxyde (he called it air surabondante) without knowing what it really was, thus beeing ""so close to making a discovery without actually making it..."" (Fourcroy). ""In 1750 Venel described his analysis of the effervescent mineral water of Selz, in Germany. Evaporation yielded only common salt and a little lime, and he was more interested in the effervescence, which was, he thought, caused by the escape of common air. All water contained a small amount of dissolved air, but Selzer and other effervescent waters contained superabundant air, as Venel called it. He made artificial Selzer water by adding the correct amounts of marine (hydrochloric) acid and soda to pure water, and he called the product aerated water, a term that is still in use. Stephen Hales had thought that effervescent mineral waters contained “sulphurous spirit"""" Venel’s experiments proved the absence of the gas now called sulfur dioxide, but he failed to notice that the ""superabundant air"" differed in any way from common air. It was, of course, carbon dioxide, characterized in 1754 by Joseph Black, who called it fixed air. Fourcroy later commented that no one had ever been so close to making a discovery without actually making it as was Venel.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 44935

‎"GAUSS, CARL FRIEDRICH. - THE CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS.‎

‎Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii.‎

‎(Göttingen, Dieterich, 1830). 4to. Partly uncut. Spine closed with paperlabel. In: ""Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis. Classes Mathematica"", Bd. VII. Pp. (39-) 88. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Gauss introduced a new method in the calculus of variations and a mathematical treatment of forces of attraction.Gauss had worked on physics already before 1831, publishing ""Uber ein neues allgemeines Grundgesetz der Mechanik"" , which contained the principle of least constraint, and ""Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii"" which discussed forces of attraction. These papers were based on Gauss's potential theory, which proved of great importance in his work on physics. He later came to believe his potential theory and his method of least squares provided vital links between science and nature.""In 1830 appeared Principia generalia theoriae figurae fluidorum in statu aequilibrii, his one contribution to capillarity and an important paper in the calculus of variations, since it was the first solution of a variational problem involving double integrals, boundary conditions, and variable limits.""(DSB).Dunnington, no. 95.- The memoir was reprinted in Ostwald's Klassiker No. 135.‎

Bookseller reference : 44965

‎"LAGRANGE, (JOSEPH LOUIS). - THE INTRODUCTION OF THE 'GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL' THE PRIZE-WINNING MEMOIR.‎

‎Prix D'Astronomie Physique sur L'èquation séculaire de la Lune.‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1776). 4to. Extracts from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Année 1773. Pp. 1-61. A faint dampstain to right margin of the first leaves, otherwise fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of this importent memoir as it represents THE EARLIEST INTRODUCTION OF THE IDEA OF THE POTENTIAL, the ""Gravitational Potential"". The potential of a body at any point is the sum of the mass of every element of the body when divided by its distance from the point. Lagrange showed that if the potential of a body at an external point were known, the attraction in any direction could be at once found.""For the prize of 1774, the Academy asked whether it were possible to explain the secular equation of the moon by the attraction of all the celestial bodies, or by the effect of the nonsphericity of the earth and of the moon. Lagrange, who was equal to the scope of the subject, felt very stale and at the end of August 1773 withdrew from the contest. At d’Alembert’s request Condorcet persuaded him to persevere. He was granted an extension and thanked the jury for this favor in February 1774. He took the prize with ""Sur l’équation séculaire de la lune."" (DSB).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1773 P.‎

Bookseller reference : 44971

‎"ROMAS, (JACQUES) DE. - INVENTING THE ELECTRICAL KITE BEFORE FRANKLIN ?‎

‎Mémoire, ou aprés donné un moyen aisé pour élever fort haut, & à peu de frais, un corps Electrisable isolé, on rapporte des observations frappantes, qui provent que plus le corps isolé est élevé au dessus de la terre, plus le feu de l'Électricitè est ...‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1755). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome II. Pp. 393-407. With titlepage to vol. II. Clean and fine.‎

‎Firs appearance of the paper in which De Romas describes his invention of the electrical kite.""De Romas, who independently of Franklin hit on the electrical kite, seems to have proposed an experiment much like that of Marly in 1750 or 1751. He fiercely defended his independence against Priestly's insinuation that he merely improved upon Franklin's demonstrations...In fact de Romas drew his inspiration from the Bordeaux prize question of 1749 which, in turn, derived from Nollet's speculations.""(Heilbron ""Electricity in the 17th and 18th Centuries"", p. 351).‎

Bookseller reference : 45002

‎"GERHARDT, CHARLES. - THE ""LADDER OF COMBUSTION"" AND ""HOMOLOGOUS SERIES"".‎

‎Considerations sur les équivalents de quelques corps simples et composés. (2 Parts). + Recherches sur la salicine.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson et Cie, 1843. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 3e Series, tome 7, Fevrier- issue and tome 8 Juin-issue. Entire issues offered. Pp. 129-256 and pp. 129-256. Cerhardt's papers: pp. 129-143 a. pp. 238-245. The salicine-paper: pp. 215-229 (tome 7). With halftitlepages to vol. 7 and 8.‎

‎First appearance of Gerhardt's first papers on the new concept of ""homology"", perhaps his most notable contribution to organic chemistry.""Gerhardt’s most conspicuous contribution to the developemfent of organic chemistry was his homologous series. His earliest publications were characterized by attempts to arrange organic compounds in series of increasing complexity: his ""ladder of combustion,"" rising from water and carbon dioxide at the foot to albumin and fibrin at the summit, was analogue of the biologists’ ladder of nature, another biological analogy was to underlie the application of his homologous series when they were refined in 1843: Gerhardt presupposed a principle of plenitude in organic chemistry which dictated that hitherto undocumented members of any series must exist. In addition, the concept of homology itself was of biological origin, deriving from Cuvier. For Gerhardt, however, it did not carry that structural connotation which it had for Cuvier. On this subject Gerhardt, simply asserted: ""We call substances homologues when they exhibit the same chemical properties and when there are analogies in the relative proportions of their elements."" (DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 45009

‎"SOMMERFELD, A. - THE BOHR-SOMMERFELD MODEL OF THE ATOM.‎

‎Zur Quantentheorie der Spektrallinien. I-III. (I. Theorie der Balmerschen Serie. II. Die Feinstruktur der Wasserstoff- und der wasserstoffähnlichen Linien. III. Theorie der Röntgenspektren.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1916. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. VIII,888 a. 4 plates. (entire volume offered). Sommerfelds paper: pp. 1-94 a. pp. 125-167. A stamp on verso of titlepage. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of Sommerfeld's elaborated version of the fine structure of the hydrogen atom, in which he was the first to show, that relativity theory gives a quantitative account of the fine structure, and thus creating a general theory of spectral lines based on the quantum concepts.""Sommerfeld's two papers...and a more elaborate version (the paper offered)...surely deserves a lenghty chapter in the history of the old quantum theory...""Pais, Bohr p. 186 ff).""This extraordinary extension, enrichment, and precision of Bohr’s theory by Sommerfed contributed decisively to its rapid and widespread acceptance. Only five years after Bohr’s first publication Sommerfeld, recognizing that the mathematical development of this quantum-theoretical atomic model had reached a conclusion of sorts, undertook a comprehensive exposition of the field. HisAtombau and Spektallinien, of which the first edition appeared late in 1919, immediately became the bible of atomic physics and its successive editions, appearing almost annually in the early 1920’s, chronicled the progress of this field up to the eve of the introduction of quantum mechanics.""(DSB). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1916 P.The volume contains other notable papers by Paul S. Epstein ""Zur Quantentheorie"", Stark, P. Ehrenfest ""Adiabatische Invarianten und Quantentheorie"" and A. Einstein ""Über Friedrich Kottlers Abhandlung ""Über Einsteins Áquivalenzhypothese und die Gravitation"" pp. 639-642.‎

Bookseller reference : 45027

‎"BABINET, J. (JACQUES) - BABINET'S PRINCIPLE - EXTENDING THE FINDINGS OF FRAUNHOFER.‎

‎Sur les couleurs des réseaux,‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1829). 8vo. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Series 2 , tome 40, Cahier 2. With halftitle to vol. 40. Pp. 113-224 a. 3 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Babinet's paper: pp. 166-176 a. 1 plate.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Babinet expounds his importent law, stating the formula that holds between diffraction and diffraction pattern in optics. The principle plays an important role in antenna design and Babinet’s principle is particularly interesting to consider in this case where the metasurfaces and their complements can be regarded as variations on a folded dipole antenna array and patch antenna array, respectively. Babinet was together with Fresnel one of the pioneers in the development of the new optics, the wave-theory of light.""An early proponent of the wave theory of light which had recently been perfected by Fresnel and Young, Babinet devoted much of his research to extending its applications. His first published paper on optics. ""Sur les couleurs des réseaux,"" dealt with Fraunhofer’s discovery that white light viewed through a wire grating produces a series of continuous spectra. Babinet derived the formula that relates the deviation of rays of a given color to the ratio of their wavelength divided by the sum of the diameter of the wires plus the distance between any two wires. He also showed that diffraction experiments could yield an improved measure of wavelengths and presented a table of new values.Babinet realized that the grating was only one of a number of means of producing diffraction effects, so he extended his theoretical work to include other systems. The result was a concept known today as Babinet’s principle: ""If parallel rays fall normally on a diffraction system formed from a large number of openings... the diffraction phenomena will remain identically the same if the transparent parts become opaque, and reciprocally.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 45030

‎DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE-ANDRE & J.S. STAS. - THE MAIN PAPER ON SUBSTITUTION AND THE THEORY OF TYPES.‎

‎Premier Mémoire sur les Types Chimiques Par M. J. Dumas. (+) Second Mémoire sur les Types Chimiques" par MM. J. Dumas et J.-S. Stas.‎

‎(Paris, Fortin, Masson et Cie, 1840). 8vo. Without wrappers. Extracted from 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', 2e Series, tome 73. Pp. 73-103 (incl. Note de Liebig pp. 100-103) and pp. 113-166. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎This paper, which was published at the same year in ""Comptes Rendues"" (3 Fevrier), is the most importent on the theory of structural types and the nomenclature of organic compounds, refuting the electrochemical theory of Berzelius. ""The development of this idea (type organique) into what is sometimes called the ""Older Type Theory"", as distinguished from Gerhardt's Type heory, is contained in Dumas' importent memoir on the substitution and the theory of types, presented on 3 febriary 1840.""(Partington IV, p. 365). In the second paper Stas and Dumas record the first use of 'potash-lime', the precursor of soda-lime, an invaluable reagent in organic chemistry.""Jean Baptiste Dumas advances a theory that the chemical properties of an organic compound are determined by its structure and not, as seems to be the case with inorganic compounds, by its electrical properties. he illustrates the concept with the example that the basic qualitative properties of acetic acid are retained even after replacing three fourths of the hydrogen by chlorine. As a consequence, he calls for a revision of chemical nomenclature for organic compounds, basing terms on common features, not on elemental composition.""(Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1840 C).‎

Bookseller reference : 45032

‎"POISEUILLE, (JEAN LÉONARD MARIE). - THE ""POISEUILLE-LAW"" GENERALIZED.‎

‎Recherches expérimentales sur la mouvement des liquides de nature différente dans les tubes de très-petits diamètres.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1847. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges.Three small stamps on verso of titlepage. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3ieme Series, tome 21. 512 pp. a. 6 plates. (Entire volume offered). Poiseuille's paper: pp. 76-110. 3 small stamps on verso of titlepage. A small stamp on verso of plates.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which - after being persuated by a committee lead by Arago to make further experiments - Poiseuille generalized the law named after him, first announced in 1840. He studied experimentally the flow of different liquids through capillary tubes, and found the law named after him, that relates the flow to the pressure, the diameter and the lenght of the tube and to the viscosity of the liquid. Poiseuille's investigations are fundamental in blood viscosimetry. ""Poiseuille's work represents a major advance in blood pressure measurements""(Gedeon p. 189).""Poiseuille’s paper (the 1840-paper) was reviewed by a committee consisting of Arago, Piobert, and Regnault. They persuaded him to make further experiments with ether and mercury, and these investigations were published in 1847 (the paper offered). He found that ether yielded the same law as distilled water, whereas mercury obeyed a different law. In 1870 Emil Gabriel Warburg found that mercury obeys the Poiseuille law, except for certain anomalies caused by amalgamation in metal tubes.""(DSB). The paper was also printed at the same time in ""Comptes Rendues"".The volume contains other notable papers by August Laurent, Matteucci, Bravais, Senarmont ""Mémoire sur la Conductibilité des Substances cristallisées pour la Chaleur"", pp. 457-470.‎

Bookseller reference : 45036

‎"BONNET, (CHARLES). - FIRST SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION OF THE TAPEWORM.‎

‎Dissertation sur le Ver nommé en Latin Tænia, & en francois Solitaire, où après avoir parlé d'un nouveau secret pour l'expulser des intestins dans lesquels il est logé, qui a eu d'heureux succès, l'on donne quelques observations sur cet Insecte. P...‎

‎Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1750. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome I. Pp. 478-529 pp. and 2 engraved plats. With titlepage to Volume I. A small wormhole to inner margin.‎

‎First appearance of this classic study of the tapeworm (Taenia), being the first accurate description of the Proglottids.""In 1741 he began to study reproduction by fusion and the regeneration of lost parts in the freshwater hydra and other animals. The following year he discovered that the respiration of caterpillars and butterflies is performed by pores, to which the name of stigmata has since been given. He also studied tapeworms. These investigations earned him a membership of the Royal Society of London in 1743, the same year he became a doctor of laws.""""Bonnet is considered one of the fathers of modern biology. He is distinguished for both his experimental research and his philosophy, which exerted a profound influence upon the naturalists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. "" (D.S.B. II: 286).With: M. Geer ""Observation sur la propriété singulière qu'ont les grandes Chenilles á quatorze jambes & à double queue, du Saule, de seringuer de la liqueur"". Pp. 530-638 a. 1 engraved plate.‎

Bookseller reference : 45045

‎"CLAUSIUS, R. (RUDOLF) - ANNOUNCING THE ""TEOREM OF EQUIVALENCE""‎

‎Ueber die Anwendung des Satzes von der Aequivalenz der Verwandlungen auf die innere Arbeit. (Vorgelen in der Züricher naturforschenden Gesellschaft am 27. Januar 1862).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1862. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Bd. 116, No. 5. Pp. 1-192 a. 1 folded lithographed plate. (Entire issue offered). Clausius' paper: pp. 73-112. With titlepage to volume 116.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Clausius makes importent contributions to the generalization and understanding of the Second Law of Thermodynamics by introducing the concept of disgregation and proving the equivalence of the transformation of heat.""Clausius began that search for understanding in 1862 by introducing the concept of disgregation, a concept that, he said, was based on an idea he had long held: that the force of heat for performing mechanical work (both internal and external together) was proportional to the absolute temperature.13 Clausius had never stated this idea explicitly before, although he had argued in 1853, by adopting an analogy between a reversible steam engine and a thermocouple, that the potential difference at a thermocouple junction should be proportional to the absolute temperature. In any event, he now wished to assert that the work which can be done by heat in any change of the arrangement of a body is proportional to the absolute temperature multiplied by a function of molecular arrangement, the disgregation Z. Given this assumption and his postulate that the heat in a body H was only a function of temperature, he was able (1) to prove his theorem of the equivalence of transformations and (2) to separate the equivalence function (entropy) into a temperature-dependent term and a configurational-dependent term...""(DSB).The issue contains other notable papers, Plücker ""Ueber recurrente Ströme und ihre Anwendung zur Darstellung von Gasspectra"", pp. 27-54, Tyndall ""Ueber Strahlung und Absorption der Wärme durch gasförmige Materie"", pp. 1-27.‎

Bookseller reference : 45071

‎"CLAUSIUS, R. (RUDOLF). - THE ELECTRODYNAMIC LAW.‎

‎Ueber ein neues Grundgesetzt der Elektrodynamik. (Vorgetragen in d. Niederrhein. Gesellschaft f. Natur- und Heilkunde am 6. december 1875 und mitgetheilt vom Hrn. Vefasser).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1875. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Bd. 156, No 12 . Pp. 497-668 a. 1 plate. Clausius' paper: pp. 657-660. With titlepage to volume 156. A nick to inner margin of titlepage.‎

‎First appearance of Clausius first paper on electrodynamics in which he replaced Weber's Law with another that would not give an unwanted force between charge and current.""Clausius’ major effort in mathematical physics after 1875 involved his quest for an adequate electrodynamic theory. He spelled out the fundamental tenets to his approach in 1875: (Weber’s law was incorrect for the case where only one kind of electricity is assumed to move, since the equation entails that a current exert a force on a charge at rest" (2) a revision would be possible if one assumed that the electrodynamic action occurred via an intervening medium, for then electric particles that are not moving relative to each other (moving at equal velocities) could still exert forces on one another by virtue of their absolute motion in the medium" forces should not be restricted to the line joining two charges. In 1876 Clausius simplified the equation he had previously proposed by subjecting it to the condition of the conservation of energy. In doing so, however, he ignored the possibility that energy changes might occur in the intervening medium.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 45074

‎"CLAUSIUS, R. (RUDOLF). - RADIANT HEAT AND THE SECOND THERMODYNAMIC LAW.‎

‎Ueber die Concentration von Wärme- und Lichtstrahlen und die gränzen ihrer Wirkung. (Vorgetragen in der Züricher naturforschenden Gesellschaft am 22. Juni 1863).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1864. Without wrappers. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Bd. 121, No 1. Pp. 1-192 a. 2 plates. (Entire issue offered). Clausius' paper: pp. 1-44. With titlepage to volume 121.‎

‎First apperance of an importent paper in which Clausius shows that radiant heat is not an exception to the Second Law of Thermodynamics"" - it is and answer to some suggested counter-entropic processes.""In 1864 he answered it in a long and detailled paper in which he made use of Kirchhoff's recent work on heat or blackbody radiation. Clausius' conclusion was unambiguous: radiant heat was no exception to the second law and it could not provide a means for escaping the heat death.""(Helge Kragh ""Matter and Spirit in the universe.."", p. 48.‎

Bookseller reference : 45076

‎"BOSCOVICH (BOSCOVIC), ROGER JOSEPH (RUDJER J.). - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS AND THE RAINBOW.‎

‎Extrait d'une Lettre du P. Boscovich, Jésuite, Correspondant de l'Academie, écrite à M. de Mairan.‎

‎(Paris, Imprimerie Royale, 1760). 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires de Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome III. Pp. 321-325. A faint dampstain to inner margins.‎

‎First apperance of Boskovic's paper in which he explains how light is refracted and reflected in droplets of water, creating the coloured rainbow - he discusses the sphericity in connection with both refraction and reflexion of light and he comments on Newton's optics.‎

Bookseller reference : 45083

‎"THE VOLTAIC PILE INVESTIGATED. - FOUNDATION OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY.‎

‎Collection of 10 papers relatiing to Volta's construction of the Voltaic Pile and its chemical and physical effects.‎

‎Halle, Rengerschen Buchhandlung, 1801. Contemp. hcalf., Raised bands, gilt spine. Slightly rubbed. ""Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert"", Bd. 8. (8),504 pp. a. 6 folded engraved plates, showing various set ups of the pile (Böchmann, Davy, Arnim etc.). Small stamps on verso of titlepage. Some leaves with a faint dampstain in righ margins, but clean and fine.‎

‎In 1800 Volta published his famous paper ""On the Electricity excited by the mere Contact of Conducting Substances of different Kinds"" in the Philosophical Transactions. In the paper he described his famous ""Pile"", the first primary battery and the real foundation of electrochemistry. The pile completely revolutionized the theory and practice of electricity and immediately inspired a series of new electrolytic experiments, many of which is recorded here in the volume offerd.The volume contains a series of importent experiments with the pile:HUMPHREY DAVY ""Bemerkungen und Versuche über Oxydirung des Zinks...Ursach der Wirksamheit galvanischer Batterieen..."" (first German edition of three papers from Nicholson's Journal). Pp. 1-21. And ""Beobachtungen über die Gaserzeugung in den einzelnen Ketten galvanischer Batterien"", pp. 300-315 (also from Nicholson's Journal).P.L. SIMON ""Beschreibung eienr neuen galvanisch-chemischen Vorrichtung und ...merkwürd. Versuche..."", pp. 22-36.G.R. TREVIRANUS ""Ueber den Euinfluss ...Galvanismus auf die thierische Reichbarkeit."", pp. 44-68.C.W. BÖCKMANN ""Versuche und beobachtungen über die Wirkungen der galvanischen Electricität durch Volta's Säule., pp. 137-162. He here revised Volta's use of the terminal plates in the pile and showing the true form of the pile.L.A. von ARNIM ""Bemerkungen über Volta's Säule"", pp. 163-196, 257-284.ERMAN ""ueber die electroskopischen Phánomene der Voltaischen Säule"", pp. 197-215.W. GRUNER ""Einige merkwürdige Versuche mit Volta's Säule."", pp. 216-227.C.H. PFAFF ""Bemerkungen über dieselben Versuche"", pp. 228-232.EINHOF ""Versuche über die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Metalle mit Säuren in ihrer Verbindung zu Voltaischen Säule"", pp. 316-322.J.W. RITTER ""Versuche und Bemerkungen über den Galvanismus der Voltaischen Batterie. Dritter Brief"", pp. 385-473. He here proves that the poles of the pile were electrified.‎

Bookseller reference : 45107

‎"AMPÈRE, ANDRÉ-MARIE. - DEMONSTRATING THE BOYLE-MARIOTTE LAW OR AMPÈRES GAS LAW.‎

‎Démonstration de la relation découverte par Mariotte, entre les volumes des gaz et les pressions qu'ils supportent à une même température. Lu a l'Institut, le 24 janvier 1814.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1815. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Slightly rubbed. A few scratches to binding. Wear to top of spine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage.In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 94. 336 pp. a. 1 plate (the plate in facs., not belonging to Ampere's paper). Ampere's paper: pp. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of Amperes second paper on molecular physics.""The noumenal aspect of chemistry fascinated Ampère. Although his derivation of Avogadro’s law came three years after Avogadro had enunciated it, the law is known today in France as the Avogadro-Ampère law. This was Ampère’s first excursion into molecular physics, and was followed almost immediately by a second. In 1815 he published a paper demonstrating the relation between Mariotte’s (Boyle’s) law and volumes and pressures of gases at the same temperature. The paper is of some interest as a pioneer effort, along with Laplac’s great papers on capillarity, in the application of Mathematical analysis to the molecular realm.""(DSB).The volume contains 3 importent papers by Jean-Baptiste Biot on polarisation of light and Berzelius ""Experiences pour déterminer les proportions définies, dans lequelles les élémens de la nature organique sont combinés"" + ""Suite..."" 1-2, pp. 5-33, pp. 170-190 a. pp. 296-232‎

Bookseller reference : 45113

‎"EULER, LEONHARD. - THE OPTICAL THEORY OF COMPOUND LENSES FOR TELESCOPES AND MICROSCOPES.‎

‎Régles générales pour la Construction des telescopes et de Microscopes, de quelque nombre de Verres qu'ils soient composés. (Rules for the construction of telescopes and microscopes).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1759). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Mémoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres"", Année 1757, tome XIII, pp. a. 1 engraved plate.‎

‎First printing of an importent paper in which Euler shows how to manufacture catoptrical telescopes and microscopes in accordance with general rules and founded on his own experiments. - The calculation concerning light ray aberrations, brought about due to the sphericty of the glass, is a masterpiece of analysis of the highest order and he also incorporates the mathematical theory of achromatic combination of lenses, which was first realized by Dollond in the same year, 1757.‎

Bookseller reference : 45126

‎"FLINDERS, MATTHEW. - SURVEYING THE COAST OF NEW HOLLAND.‎

‎Concerning the Differences in the Magnetic Needle, on Board the Investigator, arising from an Alteration in the Direction of the Ship's Head. Read March 28, 1805.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1805. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1805. With titlepage to Phil. Transactions Part I. Pp. 186-197. Having also the titlepage to the volume (Part II, 1805). A few scattered brownspots and very faint browning to outer margins, otherwise fine and wide-margined. A small stamp to verso of titlepage.‎

‎First printing of, probably the first work, to discover, and correct for the errors of the compass caused by the iron in ships, by the first circumnavigator of Australia.""Captain Matthew Flinders RN (16 March 1774 - 19 July 1814) was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. In a career that spanned just over twenty years, he sailed with Captain William Bligh, circumnavigated Australia and encouraged the use of that name for the continent, which had previously been known as New Holland. He survived shipwreck and disaster only to be imprisoned for violating the terms of his scientific passport by changing ships and carrying prohibited papers. He identified and corrected the effect upon compass readings of iron components and equipment on board wooden ships and he wrote what may be the first work on early Australian exploration A Voyage to Terra Australis.""(Wikepedia)‎

Bookseller reference : 45129

‎"RUMFORD, BENJAMIN COUNT (BENJAMIN THOMPSON). - THE MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT OF HEAT.‎

‎An Enquiry concerning the Nature of Heat, and the Mode of its Communication. Read february 2, 1804.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1804). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1804 - Part I. Pp. 77-182 and 2 engraved plates (showing his experimental apparatus). First and last leaves with some faint browning and brownspots. The plates with some browspots, mainly to margins. Wide-margined.‎

‎First appearance of Rumford's second large paper on the mechanical equivalent of heat, in which he owerthrows the caloric theory. Rumford's early papers were importent steps towards the conception of the principle of the ""Conservation of Energy"" and the thermodynamical laws.""The importence of this investigation here entered into, - inasmuch as it applies to most of the operations of nature as well as art, - appears so manifest, that we shall not recapitulate what the author advances on the subject. before he proceeds to the details of his experiments for the purpose oof computing the emissions of heat from various bodies under a variety of circumstances, he finds it necessary to prmise a minute description of the principal part of the apparatus he contrived for the purpose...""(Abstract).In his famous paper of 1798 ""An Inquiry Concerning the Source of Heat Which is Exicited by Friction"" showed that heat is a form of motion and not a substance as it was seen in the 18th century.""He had been lead to the hypothesis that friction is an inexhaustable source of heat while considering the boring of a canon at Munich's military arsenal and had proceeded to experiment with brass guns at the arsenal. The experiments confirm the hypothesis, justifying his conclusion that heat is not a material substance as others had believed. He goeson to equate heat to motion.""(Parkinson in ""Breakthroughs"" 1798 P.)‎

Bookseller reference : 45131