‎Chemistry‎

‎"BERZELIUS, JAC.‎

‎Recherches sur un nouveau corps minéral trouvé dans le soufre fabrique à Fahlun (+) Suite Des Recherches sur un nouveau corps mineral trouvé dans le soufre fabrique à Fahlun (+) Suite Des Recherches...(3 papers). - [THE DISCOVERY OF SELENIUM]‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1818). Without wrappers as extracted from ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique. Par Guay-Lussac et Arago"", Tome 9, pp. 160-80, pp. 225--267 and pp. 337-365.‎

‎First printing of these 3 papers which represents Berzelius's discovery of Selenium. Berzelius ""became a partner together with his friends Gahn and Palmstedt in the ownership of a factory near Gripsholm castle, manufacturing sulforic acid, vinegar, soap and white lead.During the summer of 1817 Berzelius spent an entire month supervising the manufacture. This lead to the discovery of a new elemen, Selenium, which he found in the form of a golden-brown sediment in the mud from the bottom of the lead chamber. This was an era when new elements could still be ""scrabed of the walls....what had previously been known as ""Swedish tellurium ore"" was now found to be selenide of copper and silver with a 26 per cent selenium content."" (Jorpes in ""Jac. Berzelius. His Life and Works.p. 61-62)..‎

Bookseller reference : 40474

‎VALLIER, E.‎

‎Balistique des Nouvelles Poudres.‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, n.d. ca. 1890. Small 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with a paperlabel on lower part of spine. Stamps on titlepage. 180 pp.‎

‎(Encyclopedie Scientifique des Aide-Mémoire...publiee de M. Leauté).‎

Bookseller reference : 40598

‎"OMODEI, FRANCESCO.‎

‎Dell' Origine della Polvere da Guerra e del primo uso delle Artiglerie a Fuoco. Dissertazione.‎

‎Torino, Stamperia Reale, 1835. 4to. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Titlelabel with gilt letteringon frontcover. A paperlabel pasted on lower part of spine. Stamp on titlepage. From ""Memoire della Reallle Accademia delle Scienze di Torino"", Tomo XXXVIII, pp. 143-224. Wide margins, clean and printed on good paper.‎

Bookseller reference : 40888

‎"MARGGRAF, (ANDREAS SIGISMUND).‎

‎Examen Chymique de L'Eau. (Traduit de Latin).‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1768). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Memoires de L'Academie Royale des Science et Belles Lettres"", tome VII, pp. (131-)157.‎

‎First edition, the periodical form. ""Contemporaries recognized Marggraf as a materful experimental chemist because of the extraordinary range of his interests and the painstaking nature of his procedures.""(DSB).‎

Bookseller reference : 41246

‎"THOMSEN, JULIUS.‎

‎Bidrag til et thermochemisk System [Contributions to a Thermochemical System]. (Særskilt aftrykt af det Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 5te Række, naturvidenskabelig og Matematisk Afdeling, 3die Bind.). - [THE THERMOCHEMICAL AFFINITY PRINCIPLE]‎

‎Kjöbenhavn (Copenhagen), 1852. 4to. Uncut and unopened in the original blue boards (""hollanderet""). A very fine, fresh, and clean copy - near mint, with only a bit of minor sunning to boards. 51 pp.‎

‎First edition, off-print, of the seminal paper that contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle and the introduction of the term ""varmetoning"". The present paper represents Thomsen's main work as well as the ""(to use Oswald's words) scientific creed of the chemist for the next half-century. It constituted the only method by which chemists could predict the course of chemical reactions, and Thomsen himself employed the theory in various ways to carry out calculations of this kind."" (Brøndsted in: Meisen edt., Prominent Danish Scientists Through the Ages, p. 143). This breakthrough work, which contains the first statement of a thermochemical nomenclatura and the first definition and presentation of the thermochemical affinity principle, inaugurated a several decades long period of thermochemical studies, during which Thomsen personally carried out more than 3,500 calorimetric measurements in a room kept at 18 degrees celcius. His fundamental thought was that the evolution of heat accompanying a chemical reaction (""varmetoning"") is an exact expression of the chemical affinity of the reaction. Bethelot reached many of the same conclusions a bit later and advanced a theory that in essence was the same as Thomsen's. This led to heated discussions that continued for several years between the two scientists. Thomsen's principle is now usually known as the Thomsen-Berthelot-Principle. In 1883, the Davy Medal was awarded in duplicate, to ""M. Marcellin Berthelot, Member of the Institute of France, and Foreign Member of the Royal Society, and Prof. Julius Thomsen, of Copenhagen"", although Berthelot was obviously preceded by Thomsen. ""The importance of Thomsen's scientific work was rapidly recognized in both Denmark and abroad. In 1860 he was elected member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters. Nine years later he was nominated as professor of physical chemistry at the University of Leipzig, but he refused the offer. Many foreign scientists asked to work under his guidance, but he was afraid that the comparability of the results obtained would be endangered when more than one person performed such measurements and therefore refused all such requests. Thus no school was formed around him. Thomsen was a foreign member of various academies and honorary member of learned societies, and held honorary doctorates from several universities (but not in France, because of the conflict with Berthelot)."" (D.S.B. XIII:359).""Julius Thomsen's international reputation is due largely to his thermochemical studies. He began to work on thermochemical problems in 1850, and in 1852 he published in the ""Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter"" a paper entitled ""Bidrag til et thermochemisk System"" [""Contributions to a thermochemical System""], in which he outlined the scheme of his subsequent thorough investigations in this field. This paper contains the first enunciation of the thermochemical affinity principle, which states that chemical affinity, or the attraction between substances, can be measured by the heat evolved when they combine.Ideas as to the nature and laws of chemical affinity were by no means lacking at this period, but the prevalent views were vague, hypothetical and mutually irreconcilable. The great importance of Julius Thomsen's principle when compared with earlier speculations lies not only in its fundamental theoretical ideas, which associate chemical and mechanical phenomena, but also in the fact that the conception of affinity is related to a measurable quantity, the ""Varmetoning"" - a term which Julius Thomsen introduced to include both evolution and absorption of heat - and thus is easily accessible to experimental investigation."" (Brøndsted in: Meisen edt., Prominent Danish Scientists Through the Ages, p. 143).‎

Bookseller reference : 41483

‎SCHEELE, (CARL WILHELM).‎

‎Neue Beweise der Eigenthümlchkeit der Flussspathsäure" von Hrn. Scheele.‎

‎Helmstädt und Leipzig, J.G. Müllerschen Budhhandlung, 1786. Small 8vo. Orig. printed blue wrappers. In: ""Chemische Annalen...von Lorenz Crell"", 1786:1. Bd., 1. Stück. The whole issue (=1. Stück). (2),96 pp. Scheele's paper: pp. 3-17.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper, by the discoverer of oxygen, which is the second paper by Scheele which deals with the action of sulphuric acid on fluorspar. (Parkinson III: p.214).‎

Bookseller reference : 41976

‎SCHEELE, (CARL WILHELM).‎

‎Ueber die Frucht= und Beeren= Säure" vom Hrn. C.W. Scheele.‎

‎Helmstädt und Leipzig, J.G. Müllerschen Budhhandlung, 1785. Small 8vo. Orig. printed blue wrappers, no backstrip. In: ""Chemische Annalen...von Lorenz Crell"", 1785:2. Bd., 10. Stück. (2),(291-)384. - Scheele's papers: pp. 291-303.‎

‎First appearance of a paper by the discoverer of oxygen.‎

Bookseller reference : 41979

‎"DAVY, HUMPHRY. - A CLASSIC IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture, On some chemical Agencies of Electricity. Read November 20, 1806.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1807). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1807 - Part I. Pp. 1-56 and 1 engraved plate. A bit of browning to the plate. Clean and fine, wide-margined..‎

‎First printing of a milestone paper in electrochemistry in which Davy shows that electricity is capable of decomposing the most stable elements.""Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lecture to the Royal Society on November 20, 1806 (the paper offered here). His experiments, along the lines stated in this paper, lead to his discoveries of potassum and sodium in 1807 and the year after to barium, calcium and boron.(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 243). - Sparrow: Milestones of Science No 52. - Wheeler Gift: 2511.‎

Bookseller reference : 42176

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL. - ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION OF LIQUIDS.‎

‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. Fourth Series. 9. On a new Law of Electric Conduction. 10. On Conducting Power. (Sections 380-449). Recieved April 24, - Read May 23, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 507-522. and 1 textillustration. Fine and clean.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Faraday announces his discoveries of the conductability of liquids.""The author, while prosecuting his rechearches on electr-chemical decomposition, oberved some phenomena which, appeared to be referable to a general law of electric conduction not hitherto recognized. He found that an electric current from a voltaic battery, which is readily conducted by water, did not pass through ice: even the thinnest film of iice, interposed in the circuit, was sufficient to intercept all electrical influence of such low intensities as that produced, by the voltaic apparatus, although it allows of the transmission of electricity of such high intensity that ecited by the common electrical machine. The author ascertained that a great number of other substances, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, do not conduct the electric current from the volataic battery until they are liquified."" (Abstract).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in 'A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity' p. 197.‎

Bookseller reference : 42241

‎"HUGGINS, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Spectra of some of the Chemical Elements. Received November 5, - Read December 10, 1863.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1864). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" Vol. 154 - Part II, pp. 139-160 and 2 large folded engraved plates.‎

‎First appearance of Huggin's series of spectra done with his new spectroscope made of six prism of heavy glass as a preliminary investigation to the work with the spectroscopy of the stars with the star-spectroscope, as it was necessary to have convenient maps of the spectra of terrestrial elements. Huggins devoted a large part of 1863 to the making of 24 such maps with a train of six prismes. These maps were published in the paper offered.""William Huggins (1824-1910), English astronomer, a pioneer in spectroscopy and photography. He examined spectroscopically the chemical constitution of stars and comets, and the gaseous nature of planetary and diffuse nebulae"" he applied the Doppler Principle to the measurement of the radial velocities of stars, and published an atlas of representative stellar spectra"" (Ripley: Source Book in Astronomy).‎

Bookseller reference : 42261

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - SELF-INDUCTION DISCOVERED AND INVESTIGATED.‎

‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. - Ninth Series. . 15. On the Influence of an Electric Current on itself: - and on the inductive action of Electric Currents generally. (Sections 1048-1118). Received December 18, 1834.- Read January 29, 1835.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1835). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1835 - Part I. Pp. 41-56., 1 textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a historical paper in which Faraday (independent of Henry's discovery of the same phenomena in 1832)discovers SELF-INDUCTION or the ""extra current"" and points out the importent influence it must have in the construction of electr-magnetic machines (electro-motors).""Faraday showed that the powerful momentary current, which was observed when the circuit was interrupted, was really an induced current governed by the same laws as all other induced currents, but with this peculiarity, that the induced and inducing current now flowed in the same circuit. In fact, the current in its steady state establishes in the surrounding region a magnetic field, whose lines of force are linked with the circuit"" and teh removal of these lines of forcewhen the circuit is broken originates an induced current, which reatly reinforces the primary current just before its final extinction.""(Whittaker in ""A History of the Aether and Electricity"")""In the series of experiments which are detailed in this paper, the author inquires into the causes of some remarkable phenomena relating to the action of an electrical current upon itself, under certain circumstances, wherby its intensity is highly exalted, and occasionally increased to ten, twenty, or even fifty times that which it originally possessed.""(Abstract).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity).The paper is reprinted in Magie: A Source Book in Physics p.485 ff.‎

Bookseller reference : 42284

‎"ANDREWS, THOMAS. - THE ""CRITICAL TEMPERATURE"" OF GASES.‎

‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On the Continuity of the Gaseous and Liquid States of Matter. Received June 14, - Read June 17, 1869.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1870). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1869 - Vol. 159 - Part II. Pp. 575-590 and 1 plate. Clean and fine.‎

‎First apperance of the paper in which Thomas Andrews announces his discovery of the ""CRITICAL POINT"", which states that for every gas there was a temperature above which pressure alone could not liquefy it.""This was a crucial discovery for it pointed the way toward the liquefaction of the permanent gases by demonstrating the necessity of dropping the temperature below the critical point before exerting pressure. This new view led within half a century to the work of Dewar and Kammerlingh-Onnes and the liquefaction of all known gases.""(Asimov).Magie: A Source Book in Physics, pp. 187-192. - Parkinson, Breakthroughs: 1869 C.‎

Bookseller reference : 42299

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - ON LIQUEFACTION OF GASES.‎

‎On the Liquefaction and Solidification of Bodies generally existing as Gases. Received December 19, 1844, - Read January 9, 1845. (+) Note.- Additional remarks respecting the Condensation of Gases. Received February 20, - Read February 20, 1845.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1845). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1845 - Part I. Pp. 155-177, 1 textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in chemistry in which Faraday takes up a renewed analysis his great discoveries from 1823 in relation to his liquefaction of gases under pressure and the relation to temperatures. Faraday did pioneer work on liquifaction of gases.‎

Bookseller reference : 42333

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY. - ISOLATION OF BARIUM, MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM AND STRONTIUM FOR THE FIRST TIME.‎

‎Electro-Chemical Researches, on the Decomposition of the Earth" with Observations on the Metals obtained from the alkaline Earths, and on the Amalgam procured from Ammonia. Read June 30th, 1808.‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1808). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1808 - Part I. Pp. 333-370. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of a historical paper in chemistry, his third Bakerian Lecture, in which he obtained for the first time, by means of electrolysis, the metals barium, magnesium, calcium and strontium. He further utilized the strong reducing power of potassium to prepare boron.""Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lectures."" - Not in Wheeler Gift. - The Ronalds Library p. 128.‎

Bookseller reference : 42335

‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - CO-FOUNDING PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Researches on the Arseniates, Phosphates, and Modifications of Phosphoric Acid. Received January 29. Read June 19, 1833.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor, 1833). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1833 - Part II. Pp. 253-284. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a main paper in the history of chemistry. ""Graham's major contribution to inorganic chemistry is presented in a paper entitled ""Researcheson thee Arseniates, Phosphates....."" 1833 (the paper offered)...his elucidation of the differences between the three phosphoric acids and his discovery of their polybasicity provided Liebig with the clue to the modern concept of polybasic acids...""(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 333).""In the Preface to...Graham's papers...Dr. Angus Smith has indicated in precise...language Graham's position in that chain of thinkers which includes Leucippus, Lucretius, Newton and Dalton (Thorpe)""Thomas Graham, the Scottish Chemist, first president of the Chemical Society of London, and one of the chief founders of physical chemistry. He formulated Graham's Law of diffusion relating the rate of diffusion of gases to their densities, discovered and named the process of dialysis used for separating colloids from crystalloids, studied the three forms of phosphoric and arsenics acids that led to the developpement of the concept of polybasic acids, a major contribution to inorganic chemistry (the paper offered).‎

Bookseller reference : 42378

‎"WOLLASTON, WILLIAM HYDE. - THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENT RHODIUM.‎

‎On a new Metal, found in crude Platina. Read June 24, 1804.‎

‎(London, Bulwer and Co., 1804). 4to. Without wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London."" Year 1804-Part II. Pp. 419-430. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Wollaston announced his discovery of the metallic element Rhodium.""Dr. Wollaston dissolved a portion of crude platinum in qgua regia, and neutralized the excess acid with caustic soda. He then added salammoniac to precipitate the platinum as ammonium chloroplatinate, and mercurous cyanide to precipitate the palladium as palladium cyanide. After filteringoff the precipitate, he decomposed the excess mercurous cyanide inthe filtarate by adding hydrochloric acid and evaporating to dryness. When he washed the residue with alcohol, everything dissolved except a beautiful dark red powder, which proved to be a double chloride of sodium and a new metal, which because of the rose color of its salts, Dr. Wollaston named 'Rhodium'. He found that the sodium rhodium chloride could be easely reduced by heating it in a current of hydrogen, and that after the sodium chloride had been washed out, the rhodium remained as a metallic powder. he also succeeded in obtaining a rhodium button.""(Weeks: Discovery of the Elements. p. 104-05.)‎

Bookseller reference : 42469

‎DAVY, HUMPHRY - PROVING THAT CHLORINE IS AN ELEMENT.‎

‎Researches on the oxymuriatic Acid, its Nature and Combinations" and on the Elements of the muriatic Acid. With some Experiments on Sulphur and Phosphorus, made in the Laboratory of the Royal Institution. Read July 12, 1810. (+) The Bakerian Lecture. ...‎

‎(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1810 a. 1811). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1810 - Part I. Pp. 231-257 and 1811 - Part I. Pp. 1-35. Both papers clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of these importent papers in the history of chemistry in which Davy announces his proofs of the elementary nature of clorine, describing the preparation, physical and chemical properties of a new gas, which he called 'euchlorine'. It is unstable and explodes on heating to give chlorine and oxygen. Davy here suggested the name 'chlorine', from a greek work for green, because of the greenish colour of the gas.Thorpe said of this first paper ""As a piece of induction, the memoir is a model of its kind, and as an exercise in ""the scientific use of ofthe imagination"" it has few equals.""Davy's researches on chlorine are of an importence comparable with those on the alkali metals. Chlorine, first discovered by Scheele, was regarded by him as a *dephlogisticated muriatic acid"". As phlogiston was practically synonymous with with hydrogen to Scheele, this view was essentialy correct. Lavoisier, however, chiefly occupied with phenomena of combustion, assumed that chlorien was an oxide of an unknown ""radical"". Davy performed many experiments endeavouring to confirm the presence of oxygen and finally concluded that chlorine was an element.""(A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 244).‎

Bookseller reference : 42592

‎DALTON, JOHN. - ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE.‎

‎Sequel to an Essay on the Constitution of the Atmosphere in the Philosophical Transactions for 1826" with some Account of the Sulphurets of Lime. Received June 9, - Read June 15, 1837.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1837 - Part II. Pp. 347-363. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing of Dalton's last paper submitted to the ""Transactions"". This paper, one of his last, deals with the constitution of the atmosphere, just as his first love was meteorology.""In an essay of mine on the constitution of the atmosphere, which was printed in the Transactions for 1826, I signified my intention of following it with a sequel of experiments to ascertain if possible which of the two views therein developed was most counntenanced by facts. I now proceed to give an account of such investigations relating to this subject as havee engaged my attention during a long period of years.""(John Dalton). - (Smith: John Dalton. A Bibliography. No. 78).‎

Bookseller reference : 42610

‎"BUNSEN, ROBERT & HENRY E. ROSCOE. - THE LAWS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTION.‎

‎Photo-chemical Researches. - Part IV. Received May 26 - Read May 26, 1859.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1860). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1859 - Vol. 149 - Part II. Pp. 879-926. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance in English of a classic paper in the investigations of chemical reactions produced by lightrays. Their joined work - from 1855-59 - founded scientific photochemistry, by determining the phenomena of induction, deduction and extinction. They found that the beginning of light reaction takes place at first very slowly and that the velocity increases gradually until it attains a constant value, observing also that steam accelerates the action and that air retards it. They also gave proofs of the ""Law of Reciprocity‎

Bookseller reference : 42633

‎"FRANKLAND, EDWARD & B.F. DUPPA.‎

‎Synthetical Researches on Ethers. - No. 1. Synthesis of Ethers from Acetic Ether. Received July 13, - Read November 16, 1865.‎

‎(London, Taylor and Francis, 1866). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Vol. 156 - Part I, pp. 37-72. Clean and fine.‎

‎First printing. As Frankland discovered ""Combining Power"" (= valency), he had introduced powerfull analytical techniques.""From 1863 to 1870 he and Baldwin Duppa exploited zinc etyl and other organic reagents, including ethyl acetate, in the synthesis of ethers, dicaarboxylic acids, unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and hydroxy acids. This meticulousw work revealed clearly the structure and relationship of these compounds, and of course its methodology had great bearing on the growth of the chemical industry.""(DSB, V: p. 126).‎

Bookseller reference : 42654

‎"HUNT, ROBERT. - EARLY WORK ON PHOTOCHEMISTRY.‎

‎On the Influence of Iodine in rendering several Argentine Compounds, spread on Paper, sensitive to Light, and on a new Method of producing, with greater distinctness, the Photographic Image. Received May 13, - Read June 18, 1840.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E., Taylor, 1843. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1840 - Part II. Pp. 325-334. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a pioneer-paper in the history of early photography.""Robert Hunt (1807-1887) wasibrarian and keeper of mining records at the Museum of Practicalgeology and professor of mechanical engineering at the Royal School of Mines, at London. He carried on numerous photographic and photochemical experiments and he was one of the founders of the London Photographic Society. These experiments with organic and inorganic light-sensitive substances, which, with characteristic unselfiness, he made publicg during the early forties of the lat century, were extremely useful in the study of photochemistry, which was the in its infancy, and were of great servicee for years to those who came after him and used his researches for the basis of their studies.""(Eder: ""History of Photography"", p. 326.‎

Bookseller reference : 42663

‎"MARGGRAF, ANDREAS SIGISMUND.‎

‎Experiences qui concernant la Régéneration de L'Alun de sa propre Terre, l'apres avoir séparé par L'Acide vitriolique, avec quelques Compositions artificielle de L'Alun par le moyen d'autres Terres, et dudit acide. Traduit de l'Allemand. (+)...‎

‎(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1756). 4to. No wrappers, as issued in ""Memoires de Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres"", Annee 1754, tome X, pp. 31-40 a. pp. 41-50 a. pp. 51-68.‎

‎First printing of 3 historical chemical papers.""Stahlregarded alum as a compound of vitriolic acid and lime. Marggraf (1754) found that these substances produce only selenite (gypsum), whic is a salt, not an earth. To obtain alum he treated clay with sulphuric acid, but found that crystals were formed only when potash or ammonia was added, so that alum contains these alkalis. The 'earth of alum' (Alaun-Erde) is a peculiar one, present in combination with silica in clay. It is precipitated by alcali from Alum solution and, after drying in air, is soluble in acids, and is hence an 'alkaline earth'...""(Partington II, p. 727).‎

Bookseller reference : 42710

‎(MONGIN-MONTRAL).‎

‎Précis-Pratique sur les Eaux de Bourbonne-Les-Bains.‎

‎Langres, Pierre Defay, 1810. Small 8vo. Orig. blank wrappers. 36 pp. Clean and fine, printed on good paper.‎

Bookseller reference : 43688

‎"PASTEUR, LOUIS. - CRYSTAL STRUCTURES‎

‎Nouvelles Reseraches sur les relations qui peuvent exister entre la forme cristalline, la composition chimique et la phénomène rotatoire mpléculaire. Premiere - (Deuxieme) Partie.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, Imprimerie de Bachelier, 1853. Without wrappers. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 3me Series - Tome XXXVIII, August-issue. With titlepage to vol. 38.Pp. 385-508. a. 2 plates.(entire issue - Aout). Pasteur's paper pp. 437-483. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in which Pasteur extended his work on the optical activity and the molecular assymetry. An importent paper among the handfull of his early papers on these subjects.An importent paper by Robert Bunsen comes with the Pasteu-paper in this issue: ""Recherches sur les Rapports intrinseques des Phénomenes pseudovolcaniques de L'Islande"". Pp.385-436 a. 1 plate.‎

Bookseller reference : 43640

‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.. - ON LIQUEFACTION OF GASES.‎

‎Historical Statement representing the Liquefaction of Gases.‎

‎(London, John Murray, 1823). Wirhout wrappers as extracted from ""The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts. (The Royal Institution of Great Britain)"", vol. 16, pp. 229-240.‎

‎First appearance of this paper, being an historical supplement to his importent discoveries witrh the liquefaction of sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sylphide, chlorine dioxide, cyanogen, and ammonia which he published in the Philosophical Transactions in the same year, 1823.‎

Bookseller reference : 43730