‎Chimie‎

‎"RAOULT, F.-M. (FRANCOIS MARIE). - DISCOVERY OF RAOULT'S LAWS.‎

‎Loi générale de congélation des dissolvants, Mémoire de... (Extrait par l'auteur). (+) Loi générale des tensions de vapeur des dissolvants. (2 Papers).‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1882. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 95, No 22 a. Tome 104 No 21 (entire issues offered). Pp. 1017-1076 and pp. 1387-1462. Raoult's papers: pp. 1030-33 (tome 95) and pp. 1430-1433 (tome 104).‎

‎First appearance of Raoult's two importent papers in which described a method for finding the molecular weight of an organic compound by the determination of the lowering of the freezing point of water that resulted from dissolving that compound in water and the law governing the relation between solutes and vapor pressure.""Then in 1882, F.-M. Raoult published his results on the effects of nondissociating organic solutes, from which he deduced a general law controlling the lowering of freezing points (the first paper offered). Four years later he extended this work to show the effect of solutes on vapor pressure (the second paper offered). Having established the effect of nondissociating compounds, he was in position to show that salts produced an eeffect which, though anomalous, could nevertheless be explained by the supposition that a dissolved molecule broke up into other molecules. This work was of great value in supplying a new method for determining molecular weights, since the depression of freezing point and vapor pressure (as well a the related rise in boiling point later discovered) are proportional to the moleculat concentrations ofthe solutions"" it was of equal value in supporting the ideas of van't Hoff on osmotic pressure. With the announcement of the dissociation theory of Arrhenius, the anomalies were explained and the full significance of the generalizations of Raoult was recognized. Raoult published the formulations of his laws in the ""Comptes Rendus"" for 1882 and 1887 (the papers offered)"" (Leicester a. Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", pp. 471 ff).‎

书商的参考编号 : 47024

‎"WURTZ, ADOLPHE. - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMINES IN CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur une série d'alcalis organiques homologues avec l'ammoniaque.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1849. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 28, No 7. Pp. 189-240 (entire issue offered). Wurtz's paper: pp. 223-226.‎

‎First appearance of the announcement of Wurtz's outstanding discovery of Liebig’s prediction, that there might be organic compounds analogous to ammonia and derivable from it by the replacement of hydrogen - the amines. The entire memoir was not published in full until 1855 in 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique'.Wurtz is most noted for his investigation of glycols and for his discovery of the amines. The latter discovery in 1849 (the paper offered) was very significant at the time, for ot suggested the possibility of a new type, the ammonia type, which helped to explain the behaviour of nitrogenous compounds. (Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book.."", pp. 362-63). - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1849 C.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47031

‎"BERNARD, CLAUDE. - PROOVING THE DOCTRINE OF IRRETABILITY.‎

‎Analyse physiologique des propriètés des systèmes musculaire et nerveux au moyen du curare.‎

‎Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 43, No 18. Pp. (825-) 892. (Entire issue offered). Bernard's paper: pp. 825-829.‎

‎First printin of an importent paper in toxicology in which Bernard describes how he ""paralyzed motor nerve-endings with curare and demonstrated the independent excitability of muscle"" his paper is the classical proof of Haller's doctrine of irretability"" (Garrison & Morton).""Bernard was a true innovator in the study of the effects of toxic and medicinal substances. No one before him had understood so well the role of drug metabolization. He regarded poisoning as a local phenomenon, and advocated the use of certain poisons in physiological research. Curare and carbon monoxide had served him, he said, as ""chemical bistoury,"" making it possible to destroy specific structures selectively. ""(DSB).Garrison & Morton, No 616 and 2079.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47113

‎"DAGUERRE, LOUIS.‎

‎Note relative à une communication récente de MM. Belfield-Lefevre et Foucault concernant la préparation des planches photographiques. (Extrait d'une Lettre à M. Arago).‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1843. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendu hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences"", Vol. 17, No 8. Pp. (327-) 365. (Entire issue offered). Daguerre's letter: pp. 356-361.‎

‎First printing of an interesting paper in the history of photography on the process of preparing photographic plates.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47212

‎"DEVILLE, HENRI SAINTE-CLAIRE. - TECHNOLOGY OF ALUMINUM PRODUCTION.‎

‎Note sur deux procédés de préparation de l'Aluminium et sur une nouvelle forme de silicium.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1854. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendu hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences"", Vol. 39, No. 7. Pp. (301-) 344. (Entire issue offered). Deville's paper: pp. 321-326.‎

‎First printing of a milestone paper in chemical technology, describing the methods by which it became possible to produce aluminium in larger industrial scale. In the paper Deville describes how to create the first crystalline silicon and he perfects the electrolytic process for obtaining metallic aluminium from sodium aluminium chloride.""Deville’s methods made both metals readily available and drastically reduced their cost, but he himself did not take much part in their later industrial development. He used the sodium obtained by his method for the preparation of such elements as silicon, boron, and titanium. His investigations of the metallurgy of platinum led to honors from the Russian government"" (DSB)..In Sparrow's ""Milestones of Science"" is listed Deville's larger work from 1859 ""De l'aluminium. Ses propriétés, sa fabrication et sed application..."", No. 173. - Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1854 C.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47214

‎"BALARD, (ANTOINE JÉROME) - DISCOVERY OF AMYL NITRITE.‎

‎Mémoire sur l'alcool amylique.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1844. 4to. No wrappers. In ""Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Vol. 19, No 14. Pp. (621-) 686. Entire issue offered. Balard's paper: pp. 634-641.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper in pharmacology as Balard here described his discovery of amyl nitrite and its preparation.Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton, a Scottish physician, later famously pioneered the use of amyl nitrite to treat angina pectoris. Brunton reasoned that the pain and discomfort of angina could be reduced by administering amyl nitrite to dilate the coronary arteries of patients, thus improving blood flow to the heart muscle.Garrison & Morton No 1859.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47225

‎"PIRIA, RAFFAELE. - THE DISCOVERY OF SALICIN - ASPIRIN.‎

‎Recherches sur la Salicine et les produits qui en dérivent.‎

‎Paris, Bachelier, 1839. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome VIII, No 13. Pp. (459-) 504. (Entire issue offered). Piria's paper: pp. 479-485.‎

‎First apperance of a main paper in pharmacology, describing the discovery of Salicylic acid compound, giving it the empirical formula C7H6O3. It is the most successful drug in history. A trillion tablets are consumed every year. Used to treat everything from headaches to heart disease, from rheumatism to cancer - scientists are still struggling to understand all its qualities. But aspirin can truly claim the title of wonder drug.Raffaele Piria (20 August 1814 - 18 July 1865), an Italian chemist from Scilla who converted the substance Salicin into a sugar and a second component, which on oxidation becomes salicylic acid, a major component of an analgesic drug, Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid).Garrison & Morton No 1857.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47232

‎"DUMAS, (JEAN BAPTISTE-ANDRE) & (JUSTUS ) LIEBIG. - A NEW CLASSIFICATION IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Note sur l'état actuel de la Chemie organique.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1837. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome V , No 17. (Entire issue offered). Pp. (567-) 572. Dumas & Liebig's paper: pp. (567-) 572.‎

‎First appearance of a historical paper in chemistry. stating a new way to organize organic chemistry.When Liebig visited Paris in 1837, he persuaded Dumas to accept the ethyl theory, and in a joint memoir (written by Liebig) presented on 23 October 1837 to the Paris Academy (the paper offered) they asserted that ""in inorganic chemistry the radicals are simple"" in organic chemistry they are compounds - that is the sole difference. The laws of combination, the laws of reaction, are the same in the two branches of chemistry"" (Partington, vol. IV, p. 351).""In the paper ""Note on the present state of organic chemistry"" .... (Dumas and Liebig)) claim to have found the key to systematically organizing organic chemistry, basing research not on the elements, as in inorganic chemistry, but on the radicals. The radicals in organic chemistry act analogous to the elements in mineral chemistry, with the same general principles of combination and reaction.""(Partington ""Breakthroughs"" 1837 C).‎

书商的参考编号 : 47237

‎"LAMY, A. (CLAUDE AUGUSTE). - THE ISOLATION OF THALLIUM.‎

‎De l'existance d'un nouveau métal, le thallium.‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1862. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences"", Vol. 54, No 24. Pp. (1237-) 1287. (Entire issues offered). Lamy's paper: pp. 1255-1258.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which Lamy reported the first isolation of the new element Thallium. A large paper on the isolation was published in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"" a year after (1863). William Crookes was the first to observe Thallium (1861) as he found a new green line in a selenium sample, but Lamy was the first to isolate it and to prove that it was a metal.""Claude-Auguste Lamy (1820-1878) examined some slime from a sulfuric acid plant at Loos which was using Belgian pyrite and observed the green spectral line. He extracted thallium sesquichloride and isolated the metal new by electrolysis. Only after his discovery, he found out that Crookes had earlier discovered and named the new element, and gave Crookes the honour. Crookes presumed that his Thallium was something of the order of Sulphur, Selenium or Tellurium but Lamy found it to be a metal. In April 1862 he reported to the French Académie des sciences."" (Timeline of chemical elements).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1862 C - Weeks pp. 192 ff.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47240

‎"GRIGNARD, (FRANCOIS AUGUSTE VICTOR). - DISCOVERY OF THE GRIGNARD REACTION.‎

‎Sur quelques nouvelles combinaisons organométalliques du magnesium et leur application à des Synthèses d'alcools et d'hydrocarbures.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1900. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 130, No 20. Pp. (1285-) 1344. (Entire issue offered). Grignard's paper: pp. 1322-24. One leaf repaired in upper margin affecting the text on verso (but without loss of letters). Light browning, poor paperquality.‎

‎First apperance of an importent paper in which Grignard revealed the ""Grignard Reagent"", an important means of preparing organic compounds from smaller precursor molecules. For this work, Grignard was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 jointly with fellow Frenchman Paul Sabatier.""A large number of general synthetic methods had been developed by the end of the nineteenth century. However, one of the most versatile and importent was first described as the new century opened. This was the Grignard synthesis."" (Leicester ""A Source book in Chemistry 1900-1950"", where this paper is translated ""Some New Organometallic Compounds of Magnesium and Their Application to the Synthesis ofAlchohols and Hydrocarbons"").""Grignard treated magnesium turnings in anhydrous ether with methyl iodide at room temperature, preparing what came to be known as the Grignard reagent, which could be used for reaction with a ketone or an aldehyde without first being isolated. On hydrolyzing with dilute acid, the corresponding tertiary or secondary alcohol was produced in much better yield than Barbier had been able to obtain. Grignard’s discovery was reported in a short paper at a meeting of the Académie des Sciences in May 1900 (the paper offered)."" (DSB).‎

书商的参考编号 : 47268

‎"LECOQ de BOISBAUDRAN, PAUL ÈMILE. - ANNOUNCING THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENT GALLIUM.‎

‎Caractéres chimique et spectroscopiques d'un nouveau métal, le Gallium, découvert dans une blende de la mine de Pierrefitte, vallée d'Argelès (Pyrénées). (Séance du Lundi 20 Septembre 1875). (+) Sur quelques propriétés dy gallium. (Séance du Lundi 6...‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1875. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 81, No 12 and No 23. Pp. (485-) 508 a. (1065-) 1148. (2 entire issues offered). Boisbaudran's papers: pp. 493-495 a. pp. 1100-1105.‎

‎First printing of the paper in which Boisbaudran announced his discovery of Gallium, together with the first printing of the paper in which he, by a series of experiments proved that Gallium, the metal that he had discovered amd named in honour of France, is a true element. A larger paper on the discovery was published in 1877 in ""Annales de Chimie et Physique"". In 1879 Bausbaudran was awarded the Davy Medal for his discovery of Gallium. ""In 1875 Boisbaudran spectroscopically discovered a new element, gallium, which he found in zinc blende from a mine in Hautes-Pyrénées. Continuing his work in Wurtz’s laboratory in Paris, he was a able to obtain the free metal by electrolysis of a solution of the hydroxide in potassium hydroxide. Gallium, Boisbaudran realized, was the ""eka-aluminum"" predicted by Mendeleev, and was the first of Mendeleev’s predicted elements to be isolated. Boisbaudran’s finding thus provided valuable evidence for the validity of Mendeleev’s periodic classification of the elements.""(DSB).""Lecoq de Boisbaudran announced his discovery (by spectroscopic analysis) of the new element gallium. Mendeleev had first predicted its existence and had named it eka-aluminium. The discovery was made in the author's private laboratory, in a specimen of zinc blende from the Pierrefitte mine in the Angelès Valley in the Hautes Pyrénées. He describes how on the evening of 27 August 1875 he detected the existence of this new element, which he named ""gallium"" in honor of France (Gallia)... A month later he ""performed in Wurtz's laboratory in Paris....a series of experiments to prove that gallium...is a true element""(Weeks). he discusses how he eventually isloated small amounts of pure metallic gallium and determined its physical and chemical properties. The paper (the paper offered) first describes gallium compounds (e.g., ammonium gallium alum,, chloride, oxide, and sulphate).""(Roy G. Neville II, p. 29).‎

书商的参考编号 : 47271

‎"NILSON, L.- F. (LARS FREDRIK). - THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW ELEMENT SCANDIUM.‎

‎Sur l'ytterbine, terre nouvelle de M. Marignac. (+) Sur le scandium, élément nouveau.‎

‎(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1879. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 88, No 12. Pp. (625-) 676. (Entire issue offered). Nilson's papers: pp. 642-645 a. 645-648. First leaf with a tear to right margin, no loss of paper.‎

‎First apperance of the papers in which Nilson describes his discovery of a new element and its properties, and naming it Scandium. It was the second new element found after Mendeleev's prediction of its existence as ""Eka-Boron"".""Mendeléeff had predicted that another element, which he called eka-boron and which he said would have an atomic weight between 40 (calcium) and 48 (titanium), would some day be revealed. It was discovered in 1879 by Lars Fredrik Nilson.... Nilson extracted 63 grams of the rare earth erbia from gadolinite and euxenite, and converted it into the nitrate. Upon decomposing this salt by heat, as Marignac had done, he obtained some very pure ytterbia and, to his great surprise, an earth that was unknown to him.Upon thoroughly investigating this new earth, he found that it contained an element whose properties concided almost exactly with those Mendeléef had predicted for ekaboron. Nilson called it scandium in honour of his fatherland.""(Weeks ""Discovery of the Elements"" pp. 219-20).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1879 C.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47273

‎"DULONG, (PIERRE) & (ALEXIS) PETIT. - THE ""LAW OF DULONG AND PETIT"" THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ATOMIC WEIGHT AND ATOMIC HEAT ESTABLISHED.‎

‎Recherches Sur la Mesure des Températures et sur les Lois de la communication de la chaleur. Introduction. (+) Suite des Recherches sur la Mesure des Témperatures..... Seconde Partie. Des Lois du Refroidissement. (+) Suite Des Recherches sur la Mesure...‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1817 a. 1819. Bound in one contemp hcloth (vol. 7) and 1 issue without wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", Vol. 7 and vol. 10, Cahier 4. - 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates (entire vol. 7 offered) + pp. 337-443 a. 2 engraved plate (entire issue offered, Cahier 4 of vol. 10 with htitle to the vol.). Dulon & Petit's papers: pp. 113-154, pp. 225-264, pp. 337-367 and Vol. X, pp. 395-413.‎

‎First edition of these 4 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT, i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory. ""In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began"" it produced three importent memoirs on heat."" (the papers offered here). The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the ""Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""""They (Dulang and Petit) were concerned with the specific heats of elements"" but if these elements really existed as atoms, it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount."" (DSB). ""One of his (Dulong) most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit (1791-1820), with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant (1819). It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights, especially when these were in question, and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules."" (Leicester & Klickstein, A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 273). Parkinson, Breakthroughs (1819).‎

书商的参考编号 : 47356

‎"PASTEUR, LOUIS. - ON MOLECULAR ASSYMETRY.‎

‎Etudes sur les modes d'accroissement des cristaux et sur les causes des variations de leurs formes secondaires.‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier),1856. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome XLIII, No. 17. Pp. (769-) 824. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 795-798.‎

‎First appearance of one of Pasteur's last importent papers on Molecular Assymetry.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47410

‎"BALARD, J.A. (ANTOINE JÉROME) - FUNDAMENTALS OF BLEACHING WITH CHLORINE.‎

‎Researches concerning the Nature of Bleaching Compounds of Chlorine.‎

‎London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1837. No wrappers. Extracted fron ""Scientific Memoirs, selected from The Transactions of Foreign Academies of Science and Learned Societies. Edited by Richard Taylor."", Vol. I, pp. 269-310.‎

‎First appearance in English of this importent paper in which Balard published the results of his study of the bleaching agent Javelle water. In the course of working out the chemistry of this chlorine bleach, he succeeded in preparing hypochlorous acid and chlorine monoxide. The memoir was published first in French in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 1834.""In his researches on the bleaching compounds of chlorine he was the first to advance the view that bleaching-powder is a double compound of calcium chloride and hypochlorite"" and he devoted much time to the problem of economically obtaining soda and potash from seawater, though here his efforts were nullified by the discovery of the much richer sources of supply afforded by the Stassfurt deposits.""(Online Encyclopedia"")‎

书商的参考编号 : 47412

‎"COUPER, A. - S.(ARCHIBALD SCOTT). - INTRODUCING A NEW ERA IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur une nouvelle Théorie cimique. (Note présentée par M.Dumas).‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1858. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 46, No 24. Pp. (1121-) 1173 (entire issue offered). Couper's paper: pp. 1157-1160. A faint dampstain to right margins.‎

‎First appearance of this milestone announcement in organic chemistry - a longer memoir was published in ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"" later in the same year, 1858 - in which, independently of Kekulé, Couper introduces the CONCEPT OF BONDS (represented as a dash or a dotted line) in chemistry and also observes the very importent fact, that carbon atoms forms the backbone of organic compounds.""It was not till 1858 that a satisfactory theory of molecular constitution was advanced, simultaneously and endependently, by thwo young chemists, Friedrich August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper. The theory of molecular constitution put foreward....by Couper and Kekulé rested on two main postulates, the quadriivalency of carbon,....and the capacity of the carbon atom for mutual linking or combining together to form a carbon ""chain"". By this hypothesis of the mutual linking together of carbon atoms - which waslater confirmed by experiment - it was possible to explain the formation of organic compounds containing a large number of carbon atoms. On the foundation of their postulates two postulates, moreover, (they) showed how the molecular constitution or mutual linking together of the atoms of a compound could be represented diagrammatically and the relstions between different compounds made readily intelligible. In his classic paper ""On a New Chemical Theory"" (the paper offered here in its first appearance) advanced beyond Kekulé by representing the constitutions of the compounds by means of GRAPHIC FORMULA in which, as at the present day, the valencies pf the atoms are represented by lines....his formulae are similar to those at present in use...""(Findlay pp. 34 ff)""The theory of Kekulé and Couper gave the chemists the maeans of solving the problems of chemical constitution"" and by means of the graphic or constitutional formulae it became possible to represent the molecular constitution of known compounds and to foresee the possible existence of isomeric compounds.""(Findlay).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1858 C.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47569

‎SCHÜBLER, G.‎

‎Untersuchungen über die Farben der Blüthen und einige damit in beziehung stehende Gegenstände. Eine Inaugural-Dissertation welche nebst Beifügung chirurgischer Thesen... Erlangungen der Doctor-Würde... in December 1825... prüfung vorgelegt Carl August...‎

‎Tübingen, Schönhardt'schen Schriften, (1825). Small 8vo. Orig. brown blank wrappers. 33,(2) pp. a. 3 tables.‎

‎First edition. Early importent research on the chemistry of plant-colours.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47819

‎"MENDELEEV, DIMITRI IVANOVITCH. (MENDELEYEV MENDELEV MENDELEJEFF)‎

‎Sur la Dilatation des Liquides.‎

‎Paris, G. Masson, 1884. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges and to top of spine. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", 6e Series, Tome II. 568 pp. and 1 folded engraved plates. (Entire volume offered). Mendeleev's paper: pp. 271-282.‎

‎Mendeleev's first step towards his chemical theory of solutions.""After 1884, Mendeleev concerned himself with the expansion of liquids and in particular with the specific weights of aqueous solutions of various substances. He was able to conclude that in such solutions discontinuous relationships exist between the solvent and the solute, attesting to the existence of determinate chemical relationships - a necessary condition, according to chemical atomic theory. Mendeleev thus arrived at a chemical theory of solutions, which he opposed to the theory of electrolytic dissociation of dilute aqueous solutions set forth by Arrhenius.""(DSB).The volume contains further notable papers LECOQ DE BOISBAUDRAN ""Séparation du Gallium d'avec les autres Éléments"", pp. 176-271 - he discovered Gallium in 1877, this long paper describes describes the separation of a long sereis of other metals, also the rare earth metals. - 3 importent papers by FRANCOIS MARIE RAOULT on molecular weight of organic compounds, follwing up his discovery of Raoult's Law two years before.‎

书商的参考编号 : 47884

‎"WÖHLER, F. et J. LIEBIG. - THE DISCOVERY OF ""EMULSIN"" A MAIN WORK IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.‎

‎Sur la Formation de l'Huile d'Amandes amères. (+) Emploi d'un nouveau Médicament en place des Waux distillées du Laurier-Cerise ou d'Amandes amères, proposé par.. F. Woehler et J. Liebig.‎

‎Paris, Crochard et Comp., 1837. Orig. printed wrappers. No backstrip. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 64, Cahier 2 (Fevrier 1837). Pp. 113-224. (Entire issue offered with printed wrappers.). Wöhler a. Liebig's papers: pp. 185-209 a. pp. 209-217.‎

‎First appearance of this classic paper in organic chemistry in which Wöhler and Liebig showed how Amygdalin could be decomposed by a vegetable emulsion, the first example of a glycoside. The papers were issued at the same time in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"".""The conclusions which you have drawn from the investigation of bitter-almond oil,"" wrote Berzelius to Liebig and Wöhler, ""are certainly the most importent which have so far been reached in the domain of vegetable chemistry, and give promise of shedding an unexpected light over this part of the science...The facts which you have set forth inspire such reflections that they may be regarded as the dawn of a new day in vegetable chemistry.""(Berzelius-Wöhler Briefwechsel).""During the years that Liebig was preoccupied with the ether theory and with organic acids, he also carried out two importent investigations with Wöhler. In october 1836 Wöhler wrote that he had discovered a way to transform amygdalin to oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanid acis, by distilling it with manganese and sulfuric acid, and he invited Liebig to join in pursuing the topic. Two days later he made a more remarkable discovery. It had occurred to him that perhaps thetransformation of amygdalin could be effected by the albumin in the almonds, in a manner similar to the action of yeast in sugar...Wöhler suspected that the decomposition was an example of what Berzelius had recently defined as catalysis. Liebig and Wöhler then divided up the detailed examination of the properties and composition of amygdalin. They precipitated from the emulsion of almonds a substance which when dissolved retain its action. They named the active substance ""emulsion"". Its effectiveness in very small quantities confirmed that it acted like yeast.""(DSB VIII, p. 342).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48086

‎"PASTEUR, (LOUIS). - THE SEPARATION OF LEFT- AND RIGHT HANDED FORMS IN SOLUTIONS.‎

‎Note relative au Penicillium glaucum et à la dissymétrie‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1860. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 51, No 8. Pp. (273-) 307. (Entire issue offered). Pasteur's paper: pp. 298-299.‎

‎First appearance of the paper in which the optical chemical acticity in fermentation could be explained as an activity of a living organism.""He showed in 1860 that a specific mold, penicillium glaucum, selectively metabolized the right-handed form in a solution of ammonium paratartrate containing a little phosphate. Later qualified, modified, and generalized by others, Pasteur’s new method become applicable to the separation of leftand right-handed forms in a number of compounds.""(DSB).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48139

‎"HASSENFRATZ, (JEAN-HENRI). - THE LAGRANGE-HASSENFRATZ THEORY OF RESPIRATION.‎

‎Mémoire sur la combinaison de l'oxigene avec le carbone & l'hydrogène du sang, sur la dissolution de l'oxigène dans le sang, & sur la maniere dont le calorique se dégage.‎

‎Paris, 1791. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine. Spine a bit rubbed. Wear to top of spine. A dampstain to lower right corners on the first 15 leaves of the volume. Stamps to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 9. 355 pp. a. 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Hassenfratz's paper: pp. 261-274.‎

‎First printing of a classic paper in physiology.""Hassenfratz, a pupil of Lagrange, maintained that the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen took place in the blood, and not in the lungs as taught by others.""(Garrison & Morton: 926).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48147

‎"PROUST, (JOSEPH LOUIS).‎

‎Faits pour servir à la l'Histoire des Prussiates. (+) Suite pour servir... (+) Faits pour l'histoire du cobalt et du nickel.‎

‎Paris, Chez Bernard, 1806. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Wear to top of spine.Slightly rubbed. Stamp to verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 60. 336 pp., 1 engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Proust's papers: pp. 185-224, 225-252, 260-279.‎

‎Also with papers by Vaguelin, Parmentier, humphrey Davy (transl. into French), Riffault etc.‎

书商的参考编号 : 48190

‎"MITSCHERLICH, EILHARD. - THE LAW OF ISOMORPHISM ANNOUNCED.‎

‎Sur la Relation qui existe entre la forme cristalline et les proportions chimiques. IIe Memoire sur les Arséniates et les Phsophates. (Traduit, par l'Auteur lui-même, des Mèmoires de l'Academie royale des Sciences de Stockholm, pour l'an 1821, tome I.).‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. Without wrappers. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique', Volume 19, Cahier 4. Titlepage to vol. 19. Pp. 337-442 a. 2 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Mitscherlich's paper: pp. 350-419. 2 large folded engraved plates (crystalforms). A few minor brownspots.‎

‎First French edition - in the authors own form and translation - of Mitcherlich's announcment of his discovery of Isomorphism, stating that similar crystalline form reflect analogous chemical formulae, which Berzelius used in fixing the formulas of compounds. Mitcherlich was at this time an assistent to Berzelius, and the first printing of this classical paper appeared the same year in Akad. Handl., Stockholm. The paper was soon afterward printed in French (the paper offered) and English, and Berzelius discussed it in his ""Jahresbericht"", so that the work quickly became known. - Leicester & Klickstein pp. 306-08.""The statement of the law of isomorphism...marks Mitscherlich's most importent contribution to chemistry - indeed, Berzelius considered Mitscherlich's discovery to be the most significant since that of chemical proportions. Berzelius himself found Mitscherlich's work to be of great use"" he was at that time concerned with the determination of the atomic weights of the elements amd the law of isomorphism provided him with a valuable tool....Berzeluius' task was simplified by the application of Mitscherlich's law...""(DSB IX, p. 424).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48230

‎"LUNIN, N.‎

‎Ueber die Bedeutung der anorganischen Salze für die Ernährung des Thiers. [In Hoppe-Seyler Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie, V. Band, 1. Heft, 1881]. - [THE STARTING-POINT OF MODERN RESEARCH ON VITAMINS]‎

‎Strassburg, Trübner, 1881. 8vo. Entire volume (V. Band), bound in a nice contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Stamps to title-page and old crossed-out numberings. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. (31) - 56. [Entire volume: (4), 436 pp. + 2 plates).‎

‎Scarce first edition of this milestone paper on vitamin research, which constitutes ""the starting-point of modern research on vitamins"" (G&M), being the first documentation of the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins. In spite of its groundbreaking character, Lunin's discovery passed almost unnoticed and his foundational conclusions did not convey further investigation until years later. ""In 1880 Lunin showed that a synthetic milk diet inhibited the growth of animals. Little attention was paid to this discovery."" (PMM 404). It was not until Hopkin's 1912 milestone paper (""Feeding Experiments..."") that the scientific explanation of Lunin's observations was produced.""It is now generally agreed that the first clear evidence, based upon experiment, for the existence of dietary factors of the nature of vitamins came from the school of Bunge at Basel. In 1881 Lunin, one of the workers in that school, fed mice upon an artificial mixture of the separate constituents of milk: of all the constituents, that is, which were then known, namely the proteins, fats carbohydrates, and salts. He found that upon such a mixture the animals failed to survive and was led to conclude that ""a natural food such as milk must therefore contain besides these known principal ingredients small quantities of unknown substances essential to life"". Such a statement, already half a century old, when allowed to stand out clear and apart from a context which tended to bury it, seems to contain the essentials of what is believed today."" (Hopkins, p. 213). ""Working in Bunge's laboratory, Lunin prepared synthetic milk diets and showed that they lacked an unknown factor necessary for animal growth, and that animals cannot live on a chemically pure (i.e. vitamin-free) diet. This was the starting-point of modern research on vitamins."" (Garrison & Morton). Garrison & Morton: 1042.See:Sir F.G. Hopkins: The Earlier History of Vitamin Research. In: Nobel Lectures. Physiology or Medicine. 1922-1941. Nobel Foundation, 1999.‎

书商的参考编号 : 48584

‎"SMOLUCHOWSKI, MARIAN.‎

‎Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym oraz innych zjawisk pokrewnych. - [AUTHOR'S PRESENTATION INSCRIPTION]‎

‎Krakowie, Nakladem Akademii Umiejetnosci, 1908. 8vo. Unopened, uncut in the original printed wrappers. With authors inscription.‎

‎Offprint with author's presentation inscription to front wrapper of the first Polish publication of Smoluchowski's important paper on the reasons behind the blue sky and how to reproduce it. ""In 1910 Theodor Svedberg based his experiments on Smoluchowski's calculations, observing how many particles of a suspension can be seen in the field of vision of a microscope at a given time and experimentally confirming Smoluchowski's predictions to an astonishingly high degree Smoluchowski himself had previously proved the existence of fluctuations of density in a pure gas by demonstrating that they are responsible for the known but unexplained phenomenon of the opalescence of a gas at a critical state. His paper ""Teoria kinetyczna opalescencji gazów w stanie krytycznym"" (""kinetic Theory of Gas Opalescence at the Critical Stale"" 1907) shows why the critical point plays such an important role and states that the opalescence of pure gas also should be observable under normal conditions: ""Each of us has observed it innumerable times when admiring the blue of the sky or the glow of the rising sun."" Smoluchowski combined the theory of fluctuations with the results of Lord Rayleigh's researches on the blue of the sky"" his finding (Einstein also took part in the discussion) was that the blueness of the sky was caused by fluctuations in the density of the air. Smoiuchowski's laboratory production of sky blue closed the investigation to a certain extent."" (DSB).‎

书商的参考编号 : 48709