‎Physique‎

‎"HERMANN, GRETE.‎

‎Über die Grundlagen physikalischer Aussagen in den älteren und den modernen Theorien.‎

‎Berlin, Offentliches Leben, 1937. 8vo. Offprint in the original wrappers. Wrappers with minor miscolouring and top left corner of front wrapper slightly bended, otherwise a very nice and clean copy. 90 pp.‎

‎"HERO (HERON) OF ALEXANDRIA.‎

‎Spiritalium liber. A Federico Commandino Urbinate, ex Graeco, nuper in Latinum conversis. Cum Privilegio Gregorij XIII. Pont. Max. - [THE FOUNDATION OF HYDRAULICS]‎

‎Urbini, (D. Frisolini), 1575. Small 4to. Fine recent full vellum in old style with written title on back. Titlepage + 80 leaves (title unnumb. + F 1-80 with 4 leaves misnumb., e.g. F70 instead of 80). The dedicationleaf (unnumb.) after title missing. Text complete, fine and clean with broad margins. One large initial in woodcut and 89 large textillustrations in woodcut.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, J. F. W.‎

‎On certain remarkable Instances of deviation from Newton's Scale in the Tints developed by Crystals, with one Axis of Double Refraction, on exposure to Polarized Light.‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1833. 4to. As extracted, in ""Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society"", volume 4. Fine and clean. Pp. (21)-87.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, J.F.W. (JOHN FREDERICK WILLIAM).‎

‎On the action of crystallized bodies on homogenous light, and on the causes of the derivation from newton's scale in the tints which many of them develope on exposure to a polarized ray. Read december 23, 1819.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1820. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1820 - Part I. Pp. 45-100 a. 1 engraved plate.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, J.F.W. (JOHN FREDERICK WILLIAM). - THE ""HERSCHEL CONDITION"" INTRODUCED.‎

‎On the aberration of compound lenses and object-glasses. Read March 22, 1821.‎

‎London, W. Bulmer and W. Nicol, 1821. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1821 - Part I. With titlepage to Part I. Pp. 222-267 a. 1 engraved plate. Verso of titlepage with 2 stamps.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, JOHN W.F. - FLOURESCENCE DISCOVERED IN QUININE SOLUTION‎

‎Amorfota (Greek), No. I-II.- On a Case of Superficial Colour presented by homogenous liquid internally colourless. Received January 28, 1845, - Read February 13, 1845. - II. Onthe Epipolic Dispersion of Light, being a Supplement to a paper entitled, ""...‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1845). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1845 - Part I. Pp 143-145 . pp. 147-153. Clean and fine.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Proper Motion of the Sun and Solar System. - [DISCOVERY OF THE MOVEMENT OF THE SUN - PMM 227]‎

‎London, Lockyer Davis and Peter Elmsly, 1783. 4to. In recent marbled paper wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", vol. 73. Including title-page of volume. A few leaves reinforced in margin. (3), iv, (247)-284 pp. + three folded plates.‎

‎"HERSCHEL, WILLIAM.‎

‎On the Ring of Saturn, and the Rotation of the fifth Satellite upon its Axis. Read December 15, 1791 (+) Miscellaneous Observations. Account of a Comet. Read December 22, 1791.‎

‎London, Peter Elmsly, 1792. 4to. In recent marbled paper wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"". Including title-page of volume. Leaves reinforced in margin. (2), iii-vi, (2), 28 pp. + 1 folded plate.‎

‎"HERTZ, H. (HEINRICH RUDOLF).‎

‎Die Kräfte electrischer Schwingungen, behandelt nach der Maxwell'schen Theorie.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1889. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 36, 1. Heft. Pp.1-272 a. 2 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Hertz's paper: pp. 1-22. The first leaves loose.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper as it is a continuation of his groundbreaking paper ""Ueber sehr schnelle electrische Schwingungen"", 1887.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45453

‎"HERTZ, H. (HEINRICH RUDOLF).‎

‎Ueber Strahlen electrischer Kraft. (Aus den Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Acad....Mitgeteilt von Hrn. Verfasser).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1889. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 36, 4. Heft. Pp.669-936 a. 2 folded plates. (Entire issue offered). Hertz's paper: pp. 669-783. The last leaves loose.‎

‎This importent was first published in ""Sitzungsberichte"" and describes how he proved by experiments that light is electromagnetic waves.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45454

‎"HERTZ, H. (HEINRICH RUDOLF). - A NEW INTERPRETATION OF THE ETHER.‎

‎Ueber die Grundgleichungen der Electrodynamik für bewegte Körper.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1880. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 41, 11. Heft. Pp. 369-640 (entire issue offered, Heft 11). Hertz's paper: pp. 369-399. cLEAN AND FINE.‎

‎First edition of this importent paper in which Hertz went beyond Maxwell and hereby took the first step on the way to RELATIVITY THEORY.In his second theoretical paper (the paper offered), Hertz applied Maxwell’s equations to moving, deformable bodies. Maxwell had not treated this problem systematically in the Treatise although, unknown to Hertz, he had done so elsewhere. Hertz recognized that to develop an electrodynamics of moving bodies, it was first necessary to specify whether or not the ether moves with bodies. For his part he would assume that the ether is mechanically dragged by moving bodies. The first ground for this assumption was that within the restricted domain of electromagnetic phenomena there was nothing incompatible with the idea of a dragged ether. The second ground was that its denial entailed the complication that two sets of electric and magnetic vectors had to be assigned to each point of space, one for the ether and one for the independently moving body. He recognized at the same time that a dragged ether was an unsure foundation for electrodynamics....""(DSB).Schilpp ""Einstein"" pp. 31 ff. - Whittaker ""A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity"", pp. 328 ff.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44844

‎"HERTZ, H. (HEINRICH RUDOLF). - CONFIRMING THE ANALOGY BETWEEN ELECTRIC - AND LIGHTWAVES.‎

‎Ueber die Einwirkung einer geradlinigen Schwingung auf eine benachbarte Strombahn. (+) Ueber Inductionserschneinungen, hervorgerufen durch die electrischen Vorgänge in Isolatoren. (Aus den Sitzungsber. der Berl. Acad. vom 10. Nov. 1887, mit einem Zusa...‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1888. Conemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands, gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage and small stamps to verso of plates. ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 34,. VIII,1048 pp. a. 8 folded engraved plates. (Entire volume offered). Hertz' papers: pp. 155-170, pp. 273-285, pp. 551-569, pp. 609-623.‎

‎First appearance of 4 famous and importent papers (2 of them in their final form) in which Hertz established by experiments the similarities between electric waves and light waves.""Hertz followed up his determination of the finite velocity of electric waves by performing a series of more qualitative experiments in 1888 on the analogy between electric and light waves. Passing electric waves through huge prisms of hard pitch, he showed that they refract exactly as light waves do. He polarized electric waves by directing them through a grating of parallel wires, and he diffracted them by interrupting them with a screen with a hole in it. He reflected them from the walls of the room, obtaining interference between the original and the reflected waves. He focused them with huge concave mirrors, casting electric shadows with conducting obstacles. The experiments with mirrors especially attracted attention, as they were the most direct disproof of action at a distance in electrodynamics. They and the experiments on the finite velocity of propagation brought about a rapid conversion of European physicists from the viewpoint of instantaneous action at a distance in electrodynamics to Maxwell’s view that electromagnetic processes take place in dielectrics and that an electromagnetic ether subsumes the functions of the older luminiferous ether."" (DSB)-.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44843

‎"HERTZ, H. (HEINRICH RUDOLF). - THE BIRTH OF RADIO-COMMUNICATION, TELEVISON AND RADAR‎

‎Ueber sehr schnelle electrische Schwingungen. (+) Nachtrag zu der Abhandlung über sehr Schnelle electrische Schwingungen.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1887. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 31, 7. Heft. With the titlepage to vol. 31. Pp. 337-544 a. 2 folded plates, (entire issue offered ""Heft"" 7). Hertz's paper: pp. 421-448 A. PP. 543-544. A Stamp on titlepage and verso of. Clean and fine.‎

‎First edition of Hertz's seminal paper on electromagnetic waves in which he empirically demonstrates Maxwell's equations. This discovery and its demonstration led directly to the invention radio of communication, television and Radar. The paper is the ""ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE PRODUCTION BY ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE OF WAVES WHICH HAVE THE PROPERTY OF VERY LONG WAVES""(H.M. Evans).Hertz demonstrates what Maxwell had predicted that electromagnetic waves radiated in space with the speed of light. Hertz determined these waves to be of greater length than light and that they could be reflected.""Experimental proof by Hertz of the Faraday-Maxwell hypothesis that electrical waves can be projected through space was begun in 1887, eight years after Maxwell's death. The two main requirements were (a) a method of producing the waves, supposing that they existed, and (b) a method of detecting them once they were produced."" (PMM, 377.). In the present paper Hertz ""describes the apparatus that he had devised for the detection and measurement of electromagnetic waves, the key to his later success. To prove that electromagnetic waves can be projected through space it was necessary to devise a means of both producing the waves and, more difficult at the time, of detecting them once produced."" (Norman Library, No. 1123).""Hertz's researches on electrical waves vindicated the Helmholtz ideal of the physicist as one whose competences embraced both experiment and mathematics. Hertz entered physics at the right time for one of his abilities to make a critical contribution"" because the outstanding problem of physics was the disorderly condition of electrodynamics, what was needed was someone with the theoretical power to analyze the competing theories and with the experimental judgment to produce the evidence that would persuade the physical community that a decision between the theories had been reached."" (DSB, VI, 348b.)""In the early 1890's the young inventor Guglielmo Marconi read of Hertz's electric wave experiments in an Italian electrical journal and began considering the Possibility of communication by wireless waves. Hertz's work initiated a technological development as momentous as it physical counterpart."" (DSB, VI, 349a.).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44842

‎"HERTZ, HEINRICH.‎

‎Ueber die Gleichgewicht schwimmender elastischer Platten.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1884. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Band XXII, No 7. With halftitle to vol. 24. (Entire issue 7) Pp. 305-464 a. 3 folded lithographed plates. Hertz's paper: pp. 449-455. Clean and fine. Halftitle with a small stamp.‎

‎First appearance of an importent paper on the THEORY OF ELASTICITY.""At the beginning of 1883, Hertz again became interested in a problem of elasticity. Now it was the question of bending of an infinite plate floating in water and normally loaded at one point. He found that the plate deflects downward under the load but at a certain distance from the load deflection become negative. Then, at an increased distance, they again become positive, and so on. Thusthe surface is wavy, and the high of the waves rapidly diminishes with increase of the distance from the load. He arrived, in this way, at the paradoxical conclusion that a plate, heavier than water, can be made to flow by loading it at the center, The explanation is that due to bending the plate aquires the form of a shell and can press out more water than is equivalent to its own weight.""(Timoshenko ""History of the Strenght of Material"" p.349).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 43601

‎"HERTZ, HEINRICH.‎

‎Untersuchungen ueber die Ausbreitung der elektrischen Kraft. Mit 40 Figuren im Text. - [FOUNDING THE BASIS FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY (PMM 377).]‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1892. 8vo. Contemporary half cloth. VI, (2), 295, (1) pp. Upper part of joints neatly repaired,otherwise a clean and fresh copy.‎

‎First edition of Hertz' seminal book on electromagnetic waves, which laid the foundation of radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony.While investigating Maxwell's conception of light as an electromagnetic phenomenon, Hertz exposed that waves of electricity could both be transmitted and received through space. This had profound consequences and led, amongst other things, to Marconi's perfection of wireless telegraphy. ""His [Hertz'] discovery of the properties of reflection, refraction, and polarization in electricity, with this wave theory of electrical motion, laid the foundation of radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony."" (Milestones of Science, p 47.)""Experimental proof by Hertz of the Faraday-Maxwell hypothesis that electrical waves can be projected through space was begun in 1887, eight years after Maxwell's death. The two main requirements were (a) a method of producing the waves, supposing that they existed, and (b) a method of detecting them once they were produced."" (PMM, 377.)""Hertz's researches on electrical waves vindicated the Helmholtz ideal of the physicist as one whose competences embraced both experiment and mathematics. Hertz entered physics at the right time for one of his abilities to make a critical contribution"" because the outstanding problem of physics was the disorderly condition of electrodynamics, what was needed was someone with the theoretical power to analyze the competing theories and with the experimental judgment to produce the evidence that would persuade the physical community that a decision between the theories had been reached."" (DSB, VI, 348b.)""In the early 1890's the young inventor Guglielmo Marconi read of Hertz's electric wave experiments in an Italian electrical journal and began considering the Possibility of communication by wireless waves. Hertz's work initiated a technological development as momentous as it physical counterpart."" (DSB, VI, 349a.).Honeyman, No. 1668 - PMM 377 - Sparrow, Milestones of Science Nr. 101‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 42874

‎"HERTZ, HEINRICH. - HERTZ'S DOCTORAL DISSERTATION.‎

‎Ueber die Vertheilung der Elektricität auf der Oberfläche bewegter Leiter.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1880. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 13, 6. Heft. Pp. 209-384 a. 1 folded plate, (entire issue offered ""Heft"" 6). Hertz's paper: pp. 266-275.‎

‎First printing of Hertz' doctoral dissertation on the electromagnetic induction in rotating conductors, a purely theoretical work that took him only three months to complete.""It was not a pioneering work but a thorough study of the problem that had been partially treated by many others, from Arago and Faraday to Emil Jochmann and Maxwell. He submitted the dissertation in January 1880 and took his doctoral examination the following month, earning a magna cum laude, a distinction rarely given at Berlin.""(DSB).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44841

‎"HERTZ, HEINRICH. - THE PRIZE-WINNING PAPER.‎

‎Versuche zur Feststellung einer oberen Grenze für die kinetische Energie der elektrischen Strömung.‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1880. Without wrappers as issued in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von G. Wiedemann."", Neue Folge Bd. 10, 7. Heft With Titlepage to vol. 10.. Pp. 337-512 a. 1 folded plate, (entire issue offered ""Heft"" 7). Hertz's paper: pp. 414-448.‎

‎First printing of Hertz's first paper by which he won the Philosophical Faculty Prize (Berlin) in 1879, earning a medal, a first publication in Annalen der Physik and Helmholtz' deepening respect.""To encourage experimental work in the notoriously difficult domain of unclosed currents, Helmholtz proposed for the prize of the Berlin Philosophical Faculty in 1878 a problem dealing with an implication of Weber’s theory: when oscillations of electricity are set up in an unclosed circuit, Weber’s hypothetical electrical inertia should reveal itself in a retardation of the oscillations. Through the experiments that Helmholtz had suggested on the self-induction of doubly wound spirals, Hertz won the Philosophical Faculty prize"" he proved that the inertia of electricity is either zero or less than a very small value, thereby lending experimental support to Helmholtz’ theoretical judgment of the improbability of Weber’s theory.""(DSB).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 44840

‎"HERZOG, R. O. (+) WILLI JANCKE.‎

‎Roentgenspektrographische Beobactungen an Zellulose.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1920. 8vo. In comtemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 3. Entire volume offered. Stamp to title page. Otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 196-99. [Entire volume: IV, 476 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Herzog and his assistant Jancke's paper in which they analysed the analysed patterns from pulverized cellulose.‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 49487

‎"HESS, V. F.‎

‎Uber Beobachtungen der durchdringenden Strahlung bei sieben Freiballonfahrten. - [THE DISCOVERY OF COSMIC RAYS]‎

‎Leipzig, S. Hirzel, 1912. Royal8vo. Bound in two contemporary half cloth with white paper title label to spine. In ""Physikalische Zeitschrift"" Vol. 13, 1912. Library stamp to title pages. Otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 1084-91. [Entire volume 1: XXV, (1), 576 pp + XXII plates"" Pp. 577-1228 + XXXV plates.‎

‎First printing of Hess's paper in which the discovery of cosmic rays first was introduced. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1936.At the start of the 1900's, French physicist Henri Becquerel discovered that certain elements are unstable, and would transmute into other elements, and in the process, emit what appeared to be particles. These ""particles"" were given the name ""radiation"", and the process itself referred to as ""radioactive decay.""To study the source of this background, Austrian physicist Victor. F. Hess made measurements of radiation levels at different altitudes with electroscopes aboard a balloon. The motivation for this study was to distance the electroscopes from radiation sources in the Earth. Hess went as high as 17,500 feet in his balloon without oxygen tanks. Surprisingly, he found that the radiation levels increased with altitude. Hess interpreted this result to mean that radiation is entering the atmosphere from outer space. He gave this phenomenon the name ""Cosmic Radiation"", which later evolved to ""Cosmic Rays"". Hess was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1936 for his discovery of cosmic rays""""Hess took up the problem stated by Wulf in 1911. He first verified the rate of absorption of gamma rays and then, with the help of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Austrian Aeroclub, made ten difficult and daring balloon ascensions, collecting data with improved instrumentation. He reached a height of 5,350 meters, with striking results. He was able to establish that to a height of approximately 150 meters above sea level, radiation decreased according to known laws, while at greater heights radiation increased steadily, following approximately the same laws. He found radiation at 5,000 meters to be several times greater than that at sea level, and also that radiation at all levels was the same night or day, and therefore not the result of the direct rays of the sun. He was thus able to conclude that the radiation he recorded at high altitudes entered the atmosphere from above and was, in fact, of cosmic origin. His results were verified in an extension of his experiments made by W. Kohlhörster in1913-Kohlhörster reached a height of 9,300 meters, and recorded radiation of twelve times that at sea level-but were not acknowledged by other physicists for a number of years. (""Cosmic rays"" were so named by R. A. Millikan in 1925.) In 1913 Hess himself equipped the meteorological station on Hoch Obir (2,141 meters) in Carinthia to accommodate further studies of cosmic radiation" these experiments, however, were brought to a halt by World War I.University, and the University of Innsbruck the Ernst Abbe prize of the Carl Zeiss Foundation (1932)" and the Austrian Medal for Science and Arts (1959). The most important honor, however, was the Nobel Prize in physics, which he shared with C.D. Anderson in 1936, on which occasion he lectured on ""Unsolved Problems in Physics: Tasks for the Immediate Future in Cosmic Ray Studies."" The discovery of cosmic radiation was one of the keys to the study of elementary particles in general, leading to the discovery of the positron, by Anderson in 1932, and of the ? meson by F. Neddermayer (in 1937)."" (DSB)‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 46932

‎"HILBERT, DAVID.‎

‎Die Grundlagen der Physik.‎

‎Julius Springer, Berlin 1924. 8vo. Bound with the original front wrapper in contemporary dark blue full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Mathematische Annalen, 92 Band, 1924."" Light writing in pencil to title page, other fine and clean throughout. [Hilbert:] 1-32 pp. [Entire volume: (2), 316 pp.].‎

‎First printing of Hilbert's important contribution to the unification of gravitational theory and electrodynamics. Hilbert stated that the present paper essentially was a reprint with insignificant alterations. This is, however, not entirely true as several Hilbert biographers have pointed out, that this version contain ""major conceptual adjustments and a recognition of its deductive structure"" (Renn, The Genesis of General Relativity, p.930). ""...it was Hilbert's aim to give not just a theory of gravitation but an axiomatic theory of the world. This lends an exalted quality to his paper, from the title, 'Die Grundlagen der Physik', The Foundations of Physics, to the concluding paragraph, in which he expressed his conviction that his fundamental equations would eventually solve the riddles of atomic structure"" (Pais: Subtle is the Lord, pp. 257-258). In Hilbert's 1915-paper he falsly believed that electromagnetism was essentially a gravitational phenomenon. ""These and other errors are expurgated in an article Hilbert wrote in 1924 [the present paper]. It is again entitled 'Die Grundlagen der Physik' and contains a synopsis of his 1915 paper and a sequel to it written a year later. Hilbert's collected works, each volume of which contains a preface by Hilbert himself, does not include these two early papers, but only the one of 1924"" (Pais, Subtle is the Lord…, p. 258)‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 45200

‎"HILSCH, R. (+) R. W. POHL.‎

‎Steuerung von Elektronenströmen mit einem Dreielektrodenkristall und ein Modell einer Sperrschicht.‎

‎Berlin, Springer, 1938 & 1939. 8vo. In contemporary halv cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 111, 1938 & 1939.. Entire volume offered. Stamp to front free end-paper and titlepage, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 399-408. [Entire volume: IV, 794 pp.].‎

‎First printing.‎

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‎"HITTORF, JOHANN WILHELM. - INTRODUCING THE NOTION OF ""TRANSPORT NUMBERS"" OF IONS.‎

‎Ueber die Wanderungen der Ionen während der Elektrolyse. Erste-Zweite und Dritte Mittheilung (+) Rechtfertigung seiner Mittheilungen ""Ueber Wanderungen der Ionen"". Elektrolyse einer lösung zweier Salze. (4 papers).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1853, 1856, 1858, 1859. Without wrappers in ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff"", Dritte und Vierte Reihe, Bd. 89 No. 6 u. 7, Bd. 98 No 5, Bd. 103 No 1, Bd. 106 No. 3. The 5 entire issues offered. Hittorf's papers pp. 177-211 (Bd. 89), pp. 1-33 (Bd.98), pp. 1-56 (Bd.103), pp.337-411 a. 513-586 (Bd. 106). In all 7 engraved plates. All issues fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of all 4 fundamental papers on electrochemistry, where Hittorf states his concepts of ionic migration and transport numbers, concepts that should be the foundation stones of the later evolved theory of ionization, culminating in Svante Arrhenius's famous discovery of electrolytic dissociation.""After Faraday's experimental investigations in 1834, it was accepted that the electricity passing through an electrolytic cell was carried by the movement of charged ions produced from the decomposition of the compounds making up the solution. Daniell had extended these ideas in 1839 and showed that salts were compounds not of acid anhydrides and metallic oxides as had been thought, but of metallic cations and elemental or compound acid anions. Believing that the conductivity of solutions was due to these ions, he began a study of their transference. In 1853 Hittorf took up the problem. He extended the ideas of Daneill by reasoning inthe following manner: Cations and anions exist in solutions and migrate under the influence of current through the solution. The migration of the cation toward the cathode and away from the anode, and the deposition of the anode on the positive electrode, together result in a decrease of teh salt in the neighborhood of the anode. A similar analysis shows that there is also a decrease in the concemtration of the salt in the neighborhood of the cathode. If the motion of the two dissimilar ions were the same, the decrease in the concentration of the salt would be the same at the two electrodes.....Hwe concluded that the speeds of migration...were different and he characterized this fact by defining ""transport numbers"", which specified the portion of the transport of electricity carried by each ion. (DSB VI, p. 439). - Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book of Chemistry"", p. 400-406.In the 2 issues of 1853 are contained 2 papers by Helmholtz of fundamental cjharacter, both in physiology and on the theory on the conservation of energy. HERMAN HELMHOLTZ: ""Ueber einige Gesetze der Vertheilung elektrischer Ströme in körperlichen Leitern mit Anwendung auf die thierisch-elektrischen Versuche (+) Ueber einige Gesetze....(Schluss). 2 papers. 1853. (Bd. 89 No.6 a. 7). Pp. 211-233 a. pp. 353-377.""In this work (the papers offered) Helmholtz for the first time enters the field of mathematical physics and physiology, with the full equipment of the higher mathematical analysis, of which he was the only master in its application to the latter science.....This very interesting and fundamental work on the distribution of electrical currents in material conductors is purely mathematical in character, owing to Helmholtz's method of proving the theorems, which are intelligible enough from the physical point of view, It is essentially connected with the treatise on the CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, since helmholtz merely substitutes for the expression 'free tension' there employed, the identical concept of Gauss's potentia, or Green's potential function.""(Koenigsberger in ""Hermann von helmholtz"", p. 99-103.).‎

Riferimento per il libraio : 43082

‎"HITTORF, W. (JOHANN WILHELM). - CATHODE RAYS - EARLY TELEVISION.‎

‎Ueber die Elektricitätsleitung der Gase. Erste- Dritte Mittheilung. (3 papers in 4 parts).‎

‎Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1869, 1874, 1879. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine with gilt lettering. A few scratches to binding. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff"", Bd. 136. X,644 pp. and 8 folded engraved plates. (The entire volume offered). Hittorf's paper: pp. 1-31 a. 197-234. With 2 engraved plates showing apparatus. + (2. Mitth.) Jubelband (Poggendorff) pp. 430-445. (Extracted) + (3. Mitth.) Annalen, Neue Folge Bd. VII, No 8. Pp. 497-680 a. 1 plate (entire issue offered). Hittorf's paper: pp. 558-631.‎

‎"HOHENBERG, P. & W. KOHN.‎

‎Inhomogeneous Electron Gas. - [THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY (DFT)]‎

‎Lancaster and New York, American Institute of Physics, 1964. Lex8vo. Volume 136, 9 November, No. 3B, 1964 of ""The Physical Review"", Second Series. In the original printed blue wrappers. A bit of fading to spine. Previous owner's stamp to front wrapper (C. Møller). A very fresh and clean copy. Pp. 1492-1505. [Entire issue: Pp. B577-B912].‎

‎"HOLTSMARK, J.‎

‎Über die Verbreiterung von Spektrallinien. - [THE HOLTSMARK DISTRIBUTION]‎

‎Leipzig, Ambrosius Barth, 1919. 8vo. In full black cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 58. Entire volume offered. Library labels to front end papers and stamp to title page, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 577-630. [Entire volume: 760, VIII pp.].‎